The present study aims to examine the effects of the use of two kinds of somatic cells from a single adult cow on fusion rate, cleavage rate, developmental rate into blastocysts of nuclear transplant oocytes, and pregnancy potential of reconstituted blastocysts. Oviductal epithelial cells and mammary gland cells from a single adult Jersey cow with a milking record were used in the present experiment. No significant differences were observed in the in vitro criteria described above between two cell types used as a source of donor nucleus. Although pregnancies were obtained from both cell types, live calves resulted only from embryos cloned from oviductal epithelial cells. Using oviductal epithelial cells, three out of ten recipients became pregnant. Two carried to full term and delivered one female calf each at day 285 of gestation. The birth weights of two live female calves were 27.5kg and 30.0kg. The third aborted at day 251 of gestation. On the other hand, using mammary gland cells, one out of six recipients became pregnant but aborted at day 81 of gestation. Genomic DNA analyses confirmed that the calves are all genetically identical to the nuclear donor cell.
ABSTRACT-The present study was conducted to elucidate the role of oxidative stress and nuclear factorkB (NF-kB) in the beneficial effects of angiotensin receptor blockade on obstructive nephropathy. Unilateral ureteral occlusion in rats elicited tubulo-interstitial fibrosis with concomitant macrophage infiltration and increased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. These changes were accompanied by an induction of renal cortical lipid peroxidation and activation of NF-kB. Both an AT1 antagonist, candesartan, and a NF-kB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, markedly attenuated these changes and to a similar extent. These results suggest that the beneficial effects of angiotensin blockade are mediated by the inhibition of oxidative stress and subsequent NF-kB activation in obstructive nephropathy.
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