Effect of Na‐gluconate on physical properties of preheated and two‐step heated gel prepared from walleye pollack surimi was investigated in connection with the progress of the cross‐linking reaction of myosin heavy chain (HC). The salt‐ground surimi to which either 8% sorbitol or Na‐gluconate was added, was preheated at 25°C or 40°C. Increases in the breaking strength and the breaking strain, together with the cross‐linking reaction of HC, of the salt‐ground surimi with Na‐gluconate proceeded more slowly than in that with sorbitol during the preheating period. The subsequent heating at 90°C for 30 min enhanced the breaking strength of the preheated gel but slightly decreased the breaking strain irrespective of the type of additive used. Gel stiffness of the two‐step heated gels formed with Na‐gluconate was higher than that formed with sorbitol at the same breaking strength, suggesting that the two‐step heated gels with Na‐gluconate were harder but not elastic. This characteristic of the two‐step heated gels formed with Na‐gluconate was mainly developed due to the subsequent heating. The cross‐linking reaction of HC largely proceeded during the preheating period but hardly took place during the subsequent heating period. These results strongly suggest that Na‐gluconate contributed to the production of the two‐step heated gel with higher gel stiffness by affecting the formation of non‐covalent bonds, such as the hydrophobic interaction between myofibrillar proteins.
Changes in physical properties of two-step heated gels on addition of gluconate were investigated in terms of relationships between breaking strength and gel stiffness. Regression lines between the breaking strength and the gel stiffness were extended to the x-axis (gel stiffness), and the intercept was defined as SBS0. The SBS0 of the two-step heated gels increased with gluconate contents in salt-ground surimis, suggesting that the harder but less elastic gels formed on addition of gluconate were dose-dependent. Conversely, the denaturation rate constants of myosin in salt-ground surimis during preheating estimated by means of Ca-ATPase inactivation, loss of salt solubility, and decrease of denaturant solubility were considerably reduced by gluconate. Thus, the progress of myosin denaturation was strongly suppressed. Increments of SBS0 (DSBS0) of the two-step heated gels on addition of gluconate were inversely correlated with the denaturation rate constants of myosin in salt-ground surimis for every index. Thus, the changes in physical parameters of two-step heated gel caused by gluconate may be associated with the sluggish progress of myosin denaturation in salt-ground surimi during preheating.
The quality of kamaboko gel prepared from walleye pollack surimi with sodium gluconate (Na gluconate) was investigated in connection with the changes in myofibrillar protein accompanied with gelation. The gel stiffness of the kamaboko gel formed with Na-gluconate was higher than that with sorbitol at the same breaking strength, suggesting that the kamaboko gels with Na-gluconate were harder
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