Gold nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters of 5, 10, and 20 nm coated with semifluorinated oligo(ethylene glycol) ligands were formed into sub-100 nm hollow NP assemblies (NP vesicles) in THF without the use of a template. The NP vesicles maintained their structure even after the solvent was changed from THF to other solvents such as butanol or CH(2)Cl(2). NMR analyses indicated that the fluorinated ligands are bundled on the NPs and that the solvophobic feature of the fluorinated bundles is the driving force for NP assembly. The formed NP vesicles were surface-enhanced Raman scattering-active capsules.
A B S T RThe results indicate that the net glucose release by the kidney in vivo in normal fed rats was 0.75+0.13 mg/dl per min, and that its contribution to blood glucose was 25.9±5.0%. When unilateral nephrectomy was performed, under the same conditions, renal net glucose release was one-half of that in rats with two intact kidneys, which indicates the quantitative accuracy ofthe isotope-dilution method employed in this study.In rats starved for 24 h, the renal net glucose release increased to 0.99+0.08 mg/dl per min. Diabetic rats showed a remarkably higher renal net glucose of 2.28 +0.33 mg/dl per min, which was 360% of the normal level. Treatment of diabetic rats with insulin, restored the renal net glucose release to the normal level. In
We demonstrate a facile approach for converting AgCl to functional silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via photoreduction in the presence of DNA. The resulting AgNPs are biofunctionalized, and exhibit photostable luminescence and DNA-specific Raman signatures, showing high potential for use in DNA-directed recognition and advanced bioimaging.
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