[reaction: see text] Four kinds of bispyridinio-appended gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD) were prepared to make a molecular flask for controlling the stereoselectivity of photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate. When the photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate was carried out in the presence of A,E-bispyridinio-appended gamma-CD, the relative yield of one of the configurational isomers, the head-to-head/anti-isomer, was increased 1.8-fold compared to the corresponding yield in the presence of unmodified gamma-CD or in the absence of any gamma-CD. The optical yields of the photocyclodimerization reaction products also increased more than 10-fold by the addition of bispyridinio-appended gamma-CD compared with unmodified gamma-CD.
A flow
chemistry process for the synthesis of a key boronic acid
starting material was developed utilizing flow flash chemistry that
allowed formation and subsequent productive reaction of an unstable
organolithium intermediate. Rapid scale-up from Discovery Chemistry
and process optimization to kilogram-scale production was achieved
using a short residence time (0.25 s) and noncryogenic temperature
(0 °C), without the need to increase the number of reactors. A comparison of the flow
process with a Miyaura borylation process suggested some potential
benefit in the overall process operating efficiency from avoiding
the use of Pd and genotoxic boron reagents.
On treating gem-difluorocyclopropylstannanes, derived from the radical hydrostannation of gem-difluorocyclopropenes, with 1.5 equiv of MeLi in THF at -78 °C for 5 min, followed by quenching the reaction with various agents, such as H2O, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and tosylamide, the corresponding β-fluoroallylic alcohols, ethers, esters, and amide were obtained with exclusive Z-selectivity in acceptable yields.
Highly nucleophilic (Z)- or (E)-α-fluoroalkenylchromium species could be generated in a stereoselective manner via C-F bond activation of CBrF2-containing molecules, and they reacted smoothly with various aldehydes to give (E)- or (Z)-β-fluoroallylic alcohol derivatives in high yields, respectively.
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