should be noted here that the advancing contact angle is substituted for the equilibrium contact angle for the forementioned reasons. A similar graphical plot using the data of Iijima and Kuzuoka4) and employing the equilibrium contact angle is also included. A sharp discontinuity exists when an increase in viscosity occurs, i.e. where the surface forces play a less dominant role than the viscous forces. This analysis demonstrates that the equations presented in the literature to date to predict breakdown on plates and tubes cannot be reconciled until a knowl
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