Although uncommon, medical emergencies arise in general dental practice. Inadequate data on their severity and frequency makes targeting medical education for general dental practitioners difficult. This also makes planning for unexpected events challenging for practitioners and makes collaborating with emergency physicians burdensome. We aimed to clarify the incidence and characteristics of a dental outpatient department's medical emergencies.Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study was undertaken with patients who visited the dental outpatient department of Okayama University Hospital during the 8-year period. The primary outcome of the study was to identify the incidence and characteristics of medical emergencies in the dental outpatient department. Then we examined the timing of medical emergencies, administered medications, and final disposition (home/admission).Results: During the period, 1,146,929 patients were enrolled. Forty-two patients (0.0037%) were consulted as medical emergencies.More than 60% of the incidents were vasovagal syncope, and dehydration and hypoglycemia were the second most prevalent at 9.5%. The most common types of dental treatments were tooth extraction (45.2%), followed by general dental treatment (28.6%), and other dental surgery such as implant placement (14.3%). Types of medical emergencies occurred equally before, during, and after dental treatment. Antihypertensive agents, sedatives, or glucose were used. For patients with emergencies, 90.5% recovered during the day and returned home, and 9.5% were hospitalized. Conclusion:The incidence of medical emergencies was low in our dental outpatient department. Knowledge of basic management principles, regular education for emergency care, and practicing first aid skills are mandatory for safe patient management.

No abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between shorter or irregular sleep duration (SD) in early childhood and increased risk of injury at primary school age using data from a nationwide survey in Japan. We categorized SD into seven groups: 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, 9 hrs, 10 or 11 h, >12 h, and irregular, based on questionnaire responses collected at 5.5 years old. The relationship between SD and incidence of injury at 5.5–nine years of age is shown. In addition, we completed a stratified analysis on children with or without problematic behavior at eight years old. We included 32,044 children, of which 6369 were classified as having an injury and 25,675 as not having an injury. Logistic regression model showed that shorter or irregular SD categories were associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for injuries (6 h: aOR 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–1.66, 7 h: aOR 1.10, 95% CI, 0.98–1.23, 8 h: aOR 1.13, 95% CI, 1.02–1.26, irregular: aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.10–1.43). The same tendency was observed with shorter or irregular SD in subgroups with or without behavioral problems. Shorter or irregular sleep habits during early childhood are associated with injury during primary school age.

et al, which published ahead of print on December 27, 2021, on page 10, line 4, the sentence reads incorrectly as:An apparent limitation of this study was to use a much higher concentration of CORM-3 (100 μmol/L) compared with previously published studies in which micromolar concentrations of this compound were used; however, we must emphasize that our approach consisted of treating the intestinal grafts ex vivo, not in vivo, thus providing the important information that metal carbonyls can be used to treat tissues and organs at much higher concentrations than previously thought.The correct statement is:The concentration of CORM-3 used in our current study (100 μM) was comparable to previously published works; however, we must emphasize that our approach consisted of treating the intestinal grafts ex vivo, not in vivo, thus providing the important information that metal carbonyls could be used to treat tissues and organs at much higher concentrations than previously thought. As the appropriate concentration is still unknown, future experiments to determine the minimal and most effective doses of CORM-3 in this setting will be required. REFERENCEObara T, Yamamoto H, Aokage T, et al. Luminal administration of a water-soluble carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM-3) mitigates ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats following intestinal transplantation Transplantation.

Acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication during pregnancy causes fetal death and teratogenic effects. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy has the potential to improve them. HBO2 therapy should be considered to treat CO intoxication during pregnancy.