Propagation characteristics (propagation regions and cutoffs) of parallel propagating modes (Langmuir, right- and left-handed circularly polarized waves) are studied for relativistic, weakly relativistic and non-relativistic magnetized electron plasma using the kinetic model. The dispersion relation for parallel propagating modes in relativistic electron plasma is investigated by employing the Maxwell–Boltzmann–J üttner distribution function and the final dispersion relation obtained is more general since no approximation is used. As the integrals in the relativistic dispersion relation cannot be done analytically so these integrals have been solved with the numerical quadrature approach. For
$\eta \leq 1$
(ratio of rest mass energy to thermal energy), the increase in the effective mass of electrons will result in a change in the mass-dependent quantities (plasma frequency, electron cyclotron frequency, electron sound velocity, etc.) which in turn significantly affect the propagation characteristics of parallel propagating modes. It is observed that the propagation region for these parallel propagating modes decreases and cutoff points are shifted to lower values when we consider a relativistic plasma environment. Moreover, a low-density and high-temperature plasma is more transparent as compared with a high-density and low-temperature plasma for these modes.
Spatial damping of electromagnetic (EM) waves propagating parallel to the ambient magnetic field in collisionless plasmas is discussed for thermal distribution of electrons. By using the exact numerical analysis, it is shown that the spatial damping properties in hot plasma can be significantly different than the customary cold plasma analysis. The discrepancy comes from the wave-particle interaction (cyclotron resonance) and higher order thermal effects. The response of plasma to the interacting EM radiation depicts the variety of changes in different frequency domains. The comparison with the analytical results based on the expansion of plasma dispersion function is also made in order to validate the approximate treatment and to under what regime full kinetic treatment is called for.
Anomalous skin effects (ASEs) are studied for the transverse electromagnetic waves in an unmagnetized collisionless plasma using anisotropic kappa distribution. The effects of the kappa spectral index (κ), temperature anisotropy (A=T⊥/T||), and the wave frequency (ω) on the ASEs are highlighted to be applicable for a wide range of plasma parameters. It is shown that the skin depth is reduced in a kappa distributed plasma as compared to the Maxwellian one. The anisotropy may enhance/reduce the skin depth depending upon the wave frequency to plasma frequency ratio (ω/ωp) and the regime of the anisotropy (i.e., A > 1 or A < 1). The results for the Maxwellian distribution (κ→∞) are also retrieved. The possible applications to space and laboratory plasmas are also discussed.
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