The critical density of neutral pion condensation is reinvestigated based on the relativistic framework and compared with nonrelativistic results. The particle-hole and delta-hole polarizations of the pion selfenergy are calculated in the relativistic way by using a new set of Landau–Migdal parameters derived from recent experimental data. It is concluded that the use of relativistic particle-hole and delta-hole excitations for the pion selfenergy increases the critical density, but still leads to condensation for densities from two to three times the normal nuclear matter density within the random phase approximation.
In order to elucidate the distributions of the elements among the particulate and dissolved fractions in pond water, majorto-ultratrace elements in different sizes of particles as well as in the filtrate passed through the 0.05 µm filter were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The different sizes of particle samples (ca. 100 -300 µg each) were collected on the membrane filters with pore sizes of 10, 3.0, 1.2, 0.4, 0.2 and 0.05 µm, respectively, by sequential fractionation. As a result, about 40 elements in different sizes of particles could be determined by ICP-AES and ICP-MS, after acid digestion using HNO3/HF/HClO4. Then, the fractional distribution factors of major-to-ultratrace elements among the particulate and dissolved fractions were estimated from the analytical results. The total contents of Al, Fe, Ti, REEs (rare earth elements), Bi, Pb and Ag in the particulate fractions (larger than 0.05 µm) were more than 80 -90%, while those of Ca, Sr, Cs, W, Ba, Mn and Co in the dissolved fraction, which corresponded to the filtrate passed through the 0.05 µm membrane filter, were more than 80%. It was further found that the fractional distributions of Cu and Zn in the dissolved fraction were ca. 50%. In addition, the enrichment factors (EFs) of the elements in the particulate fractions with particle sizes of 3.0 -10 µm and 0.05 -0.2 µm were estimated to elucidate their geochemical characteristics in natural water.
A series of consolidated undrained triaxial tests have been undertaken on material from the Yamauchi landslide in northern Kyushu. The samples were obtained from two specially drilled boreholes. Both the logging and the geotechnical test results indicate a wide variation which is probably attributable to the differing degree of weathering/ hydrothermal alternation. Two types of stress strain and pore-water pressure responses were observed during the test. Two failure modes were identifiedplastic and semiplastic.Résumé Une série d'essais triaxiaux consolidés non-drainés a été réalisée sur des matériaux provenant du glissement de Yamauchi au nord de Kyushu. Les échantillons ont été obtenus à partir de deux forages spéciaux. A la fois les résultats du forage et des essais géotechniques indiquent une forte variabilité probablement due à différents degrés d'altération météorique et hydrothermale. Deux types de courbes effort-déformation et pression interstitielle ont été observés. Deux modes de rupture ont été identifiés, un mode plastique et un mode semi-plastique.
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