It is well known that the ultra grain refinement can be achieved by sever cold rolling, followed
by reversion treatment in metastable austenitic stainless steel plate. In this study, the cold rolling was
replaced by cold drawing. This procedure was applied to a metastable austenitic steel (Fe-16Cr-10Ni
alloy) thin wire, and then the microstructure development during cold drawing and annealing was
investigated. The austenite phase transformed to martensite during the drawing. Vickers hardness of the
wire markedly increased with increasing the drawing strain. When the drawing strain reached about 4.5,
the wire exhibited martensite single structure and had high hardness of Hv4.4GPa. Annealing of the
heavily drawn wire at around 900K for 0.6ks leads to the formation of reversed austenite with the
diffusional reversion mechanism. As a result, ultra fine-grained austenitic single structure with the grain
size of about 0.6μm was obtained. It was also found that the wire has an excellent combination of a
strength and ductility.
The present study investigated the microstructure of cutting tool in order to clarify their wear mechanism of cutting tool made of high speed tool steel in the metal cutting process. A special protective oxide surface, which mainly consist of iron, vanadium and oxygen is formed on the surface of the tool during dry cutting wear test. Iron could be diffused from cutting tool and cutting material, and vanadium which alloyed to improve tool life as MC carbide in high speed steel is from cutting tool. During cutting wear test, an amorphous oxide surface seems to exist in a liquid state. At the cutting temperature on the contact point of tool, the surface as so-called "Belag" is melted as a result of eutectic reaction of iron oxide and vanadium oxide. The surface has a role of fluid lubrication between work material and tool. Therefore, the surface is effective in protecting against tool wear at this cutting speed.
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