This study aimed to evaluate clones of ‘Riesling Itálico’, ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Franc’ grapevines that best adapt to the edaphoclimatic conditions in Veranópolis, RS. The experiment was carried out at the State Center for Diagnosis and Research in Fruticulture - DDPA/SEAPDR. Three 'Riesling Itálico' clones (ISV-1, RI12V23, VCR-365), four 'Chardonnay' clones (INRA-95, INRA-132, INRA-548, VCR-6), four 'Merlot' clones (INRA-181, INRA-347, VCR-13, VCR-494) and seven 'Cabernet Franc' clones (INRA-212, INRA-214, ISV-8, ISV-101, VCR-2, VCR- 4, VCR-10) were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 10 plants per plot. The clones were evaluated in the 2020/2021 cycle for phenology (budburst and maturation dates), production (kg/plant, ton/ha weight/bunch) and fruit quality (soluble solids-SS, titratable acidity-AT, pH). The results showed the potentiality of the clone RI12V23 for 'Riesling Itálico', INRA-132 for 'Chardonnay', VCR-13 for 'Merlot' and VCR-10 for 'Cabernet Franc'. The 'Riesling Itálico' and 'Chardonnay' clones showed greater production precocity than the 'Merlot' and 'Cabernet Franc' clones.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the bud dormancy of grapevines with contrasting chilling requirements. ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Merlot’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ hardwood cuttings were collected in vineyards of Veranópolis, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (7.2°C) or alternate (7.2 and 18°C for 12/12 hours) temperatures, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Periodically, part of cuttings was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation. Endodormancy (dormancy controlled by cold) was overcome with 150 chilling hours (CH) at 7.2ºC in ‘Chardonnay’, 300 CH in ‘Merlot’ and 400 CH in ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. Daily temperature cycles ranging from7.2ºC to 18°C did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves of 25°C resulted in increase in CH to overcome endodormancy. The negative effect of heat waves depended on their duration, with heat partially canceling out the chilling accumulation after 36 continuous hours on the dormancy. Such evidence shows that the dormancy evolution is affected by the impact of the heat interspersed with cold, and should be considered in the adjustment and/or development of better-adapted models for the prediction of the budburst potential of the grapevine culture in Southern Brazil.
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