Background Type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive dysfunction and increases the risk of dementia in the elderly. The aim of this study was to explore, by means of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, possible relationships among clinical profiles of diabetes, cognitive function, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and subcortical brain atrophy.

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This is the first description of fulminant Type 1 diabetes after influenza vaccination. Our observation raises the possibility that influenza vaccination might trigger this condition via the TLR7 pathway.

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Note: The Alzheimer's disease (AD) index was calculated with the formula (temporal orientation1recall)/(total MMSE -Serial 7's) Â 100 (%). P-value vs a control 5 .02, b controlo.001, c subjects without AD with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM)o.001, d subjects without AD with DM 5 .002, e control 5 .003, f subjects without AD with DM 5 .02, g control 5 .001, h control 5 .006, i patients without DM with AD 5 .03, j control 5 .007, k subjects without AD with DM 5 .002.JAGS 55:955-969, 2007 r

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The primary target of Aβ(1-42) oligomers might be mitochondria, which could explain the reduced cerebral glucose levels in patients with AD. Moreover, insulin signaling was not directly linked to glucose metabolism or energy homeostasis in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.

A 72-year-old woman with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM) was admitted to our hospital because of increasing abdominal pain and diarrhea. The patient was diagnosed with nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI), and a subtotal colonectomy was performed successfully. The resected sample revealed transmural gangrenous necrosis of the colon and rectum. This case is interesting because the severe NOMI occurred in a SPIDDM patient without common predisposing events such as hypoperfusion. Prolonged generation of reactive oxygen species in SPIDDM, together with the decline in adaptive response to oxidative stress with aging, might be an exacerbating factor for ischemic injury in the elderly.