RESUMO: Amostras de sangue de 303 equinos provenientes de 56 propriedades do município de Rorainópolis, Roraima, foram avaliadas por Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIF) para pesquisa de anticorpos contra Sarcocystis neurona, Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora spp. Algumas amostras de soros positivos para Sarcocystis spp. foram avaliadas pelo Western Blotting (WB) utilizando antígenos crus de S. neurona. A partir dos resultados sorológicos, possíveis fatores de risco foram avaliados frente a variáveis individuais e de propriedade. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-Sarcocystis spp. foi estimada em 43,2% (37,6-49,0%), anti-Neospora sp. em 26,7% (21,9-32,2%) e anti-T. gondii de 18,5% (14,3-23,4%). Quatorze amostras (14/15) testadas por WB resultaram positivas para antígenos de S. neurona. Das propriedades, 76,8% (43/56) apresentaram pelo menos um equino positivo para Sarcocystis spp.; 69,6% (39/56) para Neospora spp. e 55,4% (31/56) para T. gondii. Dos equinos, 13 (4,3%) apresentarem anticorpos para os três agentes, 50 (16,5%) para Sarcocystis spp. e Neospora spp., 10 (3,3%) para Neospora spp. e T. gondii, e oito (2,6%) para Sarcocystis spp. e T. gondii. As variáveis associadas (P≤0,05) à presença de anticorpos foram: para Neospora spp. não pastejar em áreas alugadas, ausência de assistência veterinária na propriedade, sexo masculino, não estabular animais e plantel equino acima de 5 animais; enquanto para T. gondii foram o contato com felinos, animais da raça lavradeiro, animal estabulado, criação de bovinos na propriedade e plantel equino acima de 5 animais. Não houveram variáveis associadas a presença de anticorpos contra S. neurona. Relata-se no presente estudo a primeira detecção de anticorpos anti-S. neurona, Neospora spp. e T. gondii em equinos do estado de Roraima, localizado na Amazônia Setentrional Brasileira, ressaltando para a elevada frequência de fazendas com equinos soropositivos.
Hemoparasitos em caninos do município de Araguaína, Tocantins Hemoparasites in canines of the municipality of Araguaína, Tocantins
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is expanding in the Brazilian territory. Dogs are considered an important urban reservoir; however, studies have demonstrated the presence of infected cats in some Brazilian states. This report aimed to describe a case of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum infection in a two-month-old domestic feline from a Brazilian region with a high incidence of human visceral leishmaniasis. The analyzed samples were the cat’s blood, conjunctiva, spleen, liver, popliteal, submandibular and mesenteric lymph nodes, skin, lung and kidney. The diagnostic methods were: parasitological examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and an immunoflurescence antibody test (IFAT). All tissues were positive. The title obtained using the IFAT was 1:160. The animal was negative for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). This work addresses the first case of feline leishmaniasis in the state of Tocantins, and reveals data that may contribute to the knowledge of the disease, since it has been shown to be able to develop rapidly and fatally in kittens, with the ability to infect several tissues.
Platynosomiasis is a hepatopathy caused by Platynosomum illiciens(= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidae), which occurs mainly in domestic and wild cats in tropical and subtropical areas. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of P. illiciens infection in domestic cats in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, using necropsy and coproparasitological tests. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the use of two different techniques to diagnose P. illiciens infection in domestic cats and verify whether this parasitism was associated with individual feline characteristics. For this, 54 cats of different ages were analyzed. The percentage of infection was 33.3% (CI = 21.1-47.5%), parasite load was 9-509, mean intensity was 151.7, and mean abundance was 50.5 trematodes per animal. The risk of infection was higher for females than for males (OR = 5.00; P = 0.017). The spontaneous sedimentation coproparasitological test demonstrated the greatest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing P. illiciens. This study is the first to report the occurrence of P. illiciens in cats in the state of Tocantins, northern Brazil.
____________________________________________________________________________Resumo: Felinos domésticos (Felis silvestris catus) podem ser infectados e parasitados por diferentes patógenos. Entre eles encontram-se o gênero bacteriano Leptospira spp. que podem infectar felinos e acarretar prejuízos a homeostase do animal e consequentemente sobre seu bem-estar. O gato infectado e com uma resposta imune comprometida poderá apresentar principalmente distúrbios renais, mas também sinais hepáticos entre outros. Para controlar, diagnosticar e tratar é necessário que o Médico Veterinário tenha conhecimentos em epidemiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento de leptospirose. O presente estudo objetiva discutir os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e terapeuticos em relação à infecção por Leptospira spp. e da leptospirose. Sabe-se que o gato não é mais considerado uma espécie refratária para leptospirose, portanto, sua epidemiologia e abordagem terapêutica necessita ser mais bem esclarecida. Palavras-chave:Felino, Epidemiologia, Leptospirose, Roedores.Abstract: Domestic felines (Felis silvestris catus) can be infected and parasitized by different pathogens. Among them are the bacterial genus Leptospira spp. which can infect felines and impair the homeostasis of the animal and consequently its well-being. The infected cat with a compromised immune response may present mainly renal disorders, but also hepatic signs among others. To control, diagnose and treat it is necessary that the Veterinarian has knowledge in epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis. The present study aims to discuss the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects regarding the infection by Leptospira spp. and leptospirosis. It is known that the cat is no longer considered a refractory species for leptospirosis, therefore, its epidemiology and therapeutic approach needs to be better clarified.
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