Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been widely used in different fields such as thermal power plants, cement plants, production of constructive materials, chemical industry, fertilizer production, . . . due to their advantagesover other dust collector systems. One of the parameters which influences on dust removing efficiency of the ESP devices is the speed and velocity distribution of the polluted gas in the collecting chamber. This paper presents the research results of improving the uniform distribution of the gas velocity in the collecting chamber of ESP using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The simulation results showed that as the dispersion plate was installed at the gas inlet of the collecting chamber the velocity distribution of gas flow was more uniform and its direction was more stable towards the outlet. In addition, the dispersion plate also improved the flow stability at different flow rates and the smaller hole diameter on the dispersion plate was better for the velocity distribution and direction in the flow. The research results provide an approach foroptimum design of a ESP with high collection efficiency.
A vehicle differential is a device that divides engine power between the two driving wheels and allows the wheels to rotate at different speeds when the vehicle moves on the road. The speed difference depends mainly on the grip between the wheels and the road surface. When the traction acting on both driving wheels is equal,the differential will distribute traction equally, helping the vehicle move stably on a straight road. However, if one of the two driving wheels rolls on a slippery road, the differential will distribute more engine power to this wheel. As a result, the vehicle’s motion is unstable, engine power is lost, the vehicle cannot move. To solvethe problem, using a limited-slip differential, an active differential or a traction control system is considered an optimal solution. This study uses the brake moment acting on the skidding wheel to redistribute the engine power at the two driving wheels and uses the PID method for traction control at the drive wheels. Survey results show the effectiveness of the designed controller.
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