Surya DH, Mariyah Y, Tahono. 2009. The influence of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) extract toward the level of SGOT and SGPT enzymes on white mice induced by carbon tetrachloride. Biofarmasi 7: 87-93. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a wellknown crop in the society. It is determined for its contents including proxeronine and some antioxidants, i.e. ascorbic acid and beta-carotene that function to maintain and improve cell function. This research used hepatic cells considering the vital function of the hepatic organ in the body. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of noni fruit extract to reduce hepatic cells damage induced by CCl4. This research was included into laboratory experimental research and used a completely randomized design. The samples consisted of 25 male white mice (Mus musculus) type Swiss Webster with the age between 3-4 months and the weight between 20-30 grams, and divided into 5 groups. The first group was the CCl4 control group, in which white mice were given toxic dosage of CCl4 11 mg/20 g BW without noni fruit extract treatment. The second group consisted of white mice given by noni fruit extract in dosage of 0.56 g/20 g BW for 8 days, and in 8th day they were given by a toxic dosage of CCl4 11 mg/20 g BW. The third group consisted of white mice given by noni fruit extract in dosage of 1.12 g/20 g BW for 8 days, and in 8th day they were given by a toxic dosage of CCl4 11 mg/20 g BW. The fourth group consisted of white mice given by noni fruit extract in dosage of 2.24 g/20 g BW for 8 days and in 8th day they were given by a toxic dosage of CCl4 11 mg/20 g BW. The fifth group consisted of white mice given only water and daily food for 8 days. Blood samples from all white mice were taken after 24 hours to determine the level of SGOT and SGPT enzymes. The results were analyzed by using One-Way Anova statistical test, which continued with Post Hoc Test and Tukey Test. The result of research showed that noni fruit extract in dosage of 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 g/20 g BW given per oral could reduce SGOT level in 214.48±48.804 U/I, 151.16±22.811 U/I, and 169.62±44.891 U/l, respectively, compared with a positive control of CCl4 that was 296.62±59.254 U/I. Meanwhile, SGPT level became 55.42±4.292, 54.34±6.896, 58.58±8.210 U/I, compared with a positive control of CCl4 that was 83.96±2.931 U/I.
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death recently, including in Indonesia which is raised to 25%. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is its common clinical manifestation. Therefore, the necessity for a sensitive as well as specific diagnostic biomarker for ACS should be addressed in discriminating the ACS patient and its related risks. The diagnostic sensitivity of characteristic electrocardiography pattern in ACS cases were reported to be variatively between 55–75%. In laboratory diagnostic, ACS markers among others are CKMB activity, CKMB mass as well as Cardiac Troponin-T and Troponin-I (cTnT and cTnI). Currently, cTnI is the gold standard. The present study is to know the analysing of the CKMB activity as well as the mass diagnostic performance in the detectionof ACS in the patient presenting with chest-pain at RSDM, by using cTnI as the standard of reference. As many 30 samples, 18−65 years old, were selected trough incidental sampling method from the subjects presenting with chest-pain no longer than 6 hrs before admission. The blood samples were drawn at admission and 6 hrs afterward. The CKMB activity (immunoinhibition assay), CKMB mass (ELFA) and cTnI (ELFA) measurement were performed on each sample. The analysis showed that cTnI cut-off on 0.1 μg/L (ESC/ACC 2000) was most optimal in the laboratory diagnostic of ACS compared to that of 0.01 μg/L (ESC/ACC 2007 update) and 1.0 μg/L (WHO). Using the cTnI cut-off on 0.1 μg/L, on admission (0 hr) the diagnostic efficiency of CKMB mass was 56.7% while that of CKMB activity was 60.0%. While on the serial measurement (6 hrs), the diagnostic efficiency of CKMB mass was 76.6% while that of CKMB activity was 56.7%. The results showed that by serial measurements, CKMB mass is superior than CKMB activity in the diagnosis of ACS in patient presenting with chest-pain. Further researches are necessary to elaborate the comparison elucidatively. The results of the study considered that in designing the protocol for laboratory examination should carried out in patient presenting with chest pain.
Human resources (HR) planning is associated with an institution’s strategic plan, so the study of the required number of support personnel is in line with the direction of business development planning of the Laboratory Installation Unit. WISN (work load indicator staff need) method is a calculation based on the analysis of health manpower needs of the workload (work load analysis) and is considered as the most accurate method to calculate labour requirements in short-term. Based on the results of the analysis of manpower needs at the Laboratory Installation of Lung Health of the Community Hall Surakarta, it is known that there is still a lack of a number of five (5) persons of the health laboratory staff. The persons still lacking consist of: one (1) laboratory person related to clinical pathology laboratory, one (1) laboratory person for smear microscopy laboratory, and still three (3) microbiology laboratory persons. These persons are needed to be able to carry out the activities for a good laboratory service, and quality which is in accordance with the related applicable standards.
Hyperkalemia is a metabolic disorder caused by either renal insufficiency for potassium excretion (like in renal failure), thedysmechanism of potassium transportation into the intracellular space (regards on the hyperglycemia status) or combinations of thoseetiologies. In nephropathy diabetic patients, hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism syndrome might also be the etiology resulting from thehigh potassium level. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the serum creatinine and potassiumlevel in patient with and without type II diabetes. The data of this study were drawn from patients admitted to the laboratory for themeasurement of serum creatinine and potassium with or without the measurement of blood glucose level at the Clinical PathologyLaboratory of Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta. The subjects were then classified into two groups: A (non-diabetic patients) and B(diabetic patients). The data were analyzed statistically with T-student test and Pearson Correlation test based on the total samples, pereach group (A and B groups) and the diabetic status (only B group) one. In this study so far it was found that the serum creatinine andpotassium level were significantly correlated in the total sample and group A analysis (p<0.05). Surprisingly, the correlation was notfound or very weak in group B (p>0.05). Furthermore, no correlation was found in the analysis based on the diabetic status amongthe B group subjects (p>0.05). It can be suggested that other factors may play a significant influence on the correlation between thehyperglycemia state, renal failure and serum potassium level in diabetic patients. Further detailed analysis should be warranted toelucidate those factors.
The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the presence of symptoms caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)which belongs to human retroviruses (retroviridae). Thrombocytopenia is a common finding in patients with HIV infection. HIV infectionmay induce thrombocytopenia through immune and non-immune mechanisms, autoimmune combination and inhibition of plateletproduction. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between thrombocyte and CD4 count in HIV/AIDS patients. This studyuses a cross sectional design with a total of 17 patients. The subject of this study is HIV/AIDS patients who came to and examined atVCT clinic, dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. To analyze this result the researchers used Spearman (r) correlation with p<0.05, andconfidence interval 95%. Patients’ median age was 30 (21–49) years, 11 (64.7%) men and 6 (35.3%) women. The subjects with AIDSwere 11 (64.7%), and HIV were 6 (35.3%) patients. The duration of antiretroviral (ARV) was 7.5 (4–20) months in 10 subjects.The median of thrombocyte count was 203 (143–327)×103/μL, CD4 absolute 207 (5.0–734)/μL, and CD4 (% lymphocytes) 13.0(2.0–29.0)%. The thrombocyte count was not correlated with CD4 absolute (r=0.456; p=0.066) and CD4% (r=0.218; p=0.400). InHIV patients, low platelet counts will be the result of a host of problems and complications that are associated with the progressive HIVinfection or its management.
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