Orhan K, Bayrakdar IS, Ezhov M, Kravtsov A, € Ozy€ urek T. Evaluation of artificial intelligence for detecting periapical pathosis on cone-beam computed tomography scans. ) methods were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Bland-Altman analysis.Results The deep convolutional neural network system was successful in detecting teeth and numbering specific teeth. Only one tooth was incorrectly identified. The AI system was able to detect 142 of a total of 153 periapical lesions. The reliability of correctly detecting a periapical lesion was 92.8%. The deep convolutional neural network volumetric measurements of the lesions were similar to those with manual segmentation. There was no significant difference between the two measurement methods (P > 0.05).Conclusions Volume measurements performed by humans and by AI systems were comparable to each other. AI systems based on deep learning methods can be useful for detecting periapical pathosis on CBCT images for clinical application.

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All basic root canal preparation techniques were associated with less debris and smear layer on the canal walls in the middle and coronal thirds, without differences among them. Even though debris and smear layer were always present in the apical third, an apical size of 25 resulted in significantly cleaner canals walls compared to a size 20.