Insect pests damages are increasing on the field of Lycium chinense under environment-friendly management Thus, we was to monitor the occurrence of pests on organic L. chinense in Chungnam Cheongyang and, insecticidal effect of eco-friendly agricultural materials (EFAMs) were tested against major pests. When the buds come out, injury by L. chinense was very high causing the high population density of Myzus persicae in late May and early June, and the injury by Lema decempunctata was increased from mid-June. Otherwise, injuries by Eriophys macrodonis, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata and Hedma spp. were continued throughout the growing season. From the fruit held in late July, Hemipteran insects including Plautia stali and Halyomorpba balys were sucking the fruit, and their injury to L. chinense were gradually increased. For the eco-friendly environmental control of M. persicae, L. decempunctata and E. macrodonis, EFAMs containing Sophora flavescens, Melia azedarach (Chinaberry), Chenopodium ambrosioides (Mexican tea), Quassia amara (Amargo), Stemona sessilifolia, Sophora seeds and Nepeta cataria (Catmint), were selected and used to control the insect pests. Control effects of the mixed extract with S. flavescens and Sophora seeds against M. persicae and L. decempunctata were higher than any other EFAM as 84.0% and 86.6%, respectively. In case of E. macrodonis, its control effect was good with the mixed extract with S. flavescens, C. ambrosioides and M. azedarach.
To assess the efficacy of nematicides for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes in fruit and vegetables fields, soil samples were collected from a cucumber field at Gongju; from strawberry fields at Buyeo, Nonsan, and Jinju; and from a melon field at Gocksung in Jeonnam Province, Korea. Plant-parasitic nematodes were separated from each soil sample and identified. The susceptibilities of the nematodes to abamectin 1.68% SC, cadusafos 3% GR, dazomet 98% GR, fosthiazate 30% SL and BA12011 SL were examined under laboratory and field conditions. The average population density of plant-parasitic nematodes was generally reduced after the treatment with nematicides; however, there was increase in the population of Pratylenchus spp. in soil after treatment with fosthiazate at Buyeo and Gocksung. Furthermore, there were increased populations following treatment with abamectin, cadusafos, and dazomet at Gocksung. The control effects of BA12011 treatment on plant-parasitic nematodes were confirmed to be similar to those of the other 4 nematicides evaluated, although its control effect was higher than that of fosthiazate in cucumber-growing soil at Gongju. The effects of nematicide treatment on egg mass formation in each of the collected soils differed according to the region of soil origin. Abamectin was effective in reducing the degree of egg mass formation in Buyeo and Jinju soil, whereas BA12011 was effective in Nonsan and Gocksung soil. Dazomet was found to inhibit egg mass formation in Gongju soil. To evaluate the effect of the newly developed nematicide, BA12011, experiments were conducted in a cucumber-growing greenhouse. The average population densities of Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. after the first treatment were reduced to a greater extent than after the second treatment. It is thus suggested that early nematicide treatment is important for effective control of plant-parasitic nematodes.Key words: Plant-parasitic nematodes, Plastic vinyl house, Susceptibility, Nematicides
:To know how much damages occurred by nematodes in plastic vinyl house field, soil samples were collected from strawberry cultivation areas at Buyeo and Nonsan in Chungnam and Jinju in Kyeongnam, melon cultivation area at Gocksung in Junnam and cucumber field at Gongju in Chungnam. And then, nematode samples were separated from each soil sample, and identified the kind of plant-parasitic nematodes. Plant-parasitic nematodes were separated from 52 soil samples. Among samples, Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp. and Helicotylenchus spp. were isolated from 45 (86.5%%) and 33 (63.5%) and 47 collected soil samples (90.4%), respectively. As a result of identification of plant-parasitic nematodes from regional collected soil samples, distribution of Helicotylenchus spp. was higher than any other plant-parasitic nematode. And the population of Meloidogyne spp. and Pratylenchu spp. were also higher, and a occurrence ratio of Meloidogyne spp. is higher than Pratylenchu spp. except the cucumber growing area at Gongju.
The winter cherry bug (Acanthocoris sordidus Thunberg, Coreidae, Hemiptera) is a insect pest that have a piercing sucking type mouthpart, and it is injured to solanaceous plants including pepper plant. For the control of the winter cherry bug, 20 organic synthetic insecticides and 7 environmental friendly agricultural materials (EFAMs) were selected with single formulation. Fenitrothion, fenthion and phenthoate were significantly higher mortality to adults and 3rd instar nymphs of winter cherry bug as over 95 and 100 % after 72 hours with treatment. Otherwise, in case of EFAMs, there is no significantly higher effective materials to adults and 3rd instar nymphs of winter cherry bug. Eighty percentage of Sophora flavescens was showed only around 50% mortality with the high variation after 72 hours with treatment against adult of the winter cherry bug.
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