We developed a dual-gate field-effect transistor (FET) hydrogen gas sensor for application to hydrogen vehicles. The dual-gate FET hydrogen sensor was integrated with a Pt-gate FET to detect hydrogen and a Ti-gate FET as the reference sensor in the same Si chip. The Ti-FET had the same structure as the Pt-FET except for the gate metal. The Pt-FET showed a good response to hydrogen gas above 10 ppm in air, while the Ti-FET did not show any response to hydrogen gas. The differential output voltage between the Pt-FET and the Ti-FET was stable in the temperature range from room temperature to 80 °C because of the same temperature dependence of the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. In addition, the temperature of the integrated hydrogen sensor was controlled by an integrated system consisting of a heater and a thermometer at any given temperature under severe weather conditions.
(α-Amino acidato)ruthenium(II) complexes were dehydrogenated to give (α-imino acidato)ruthenium(II) complexes by chemical oxidation. (α-Imino acidato)ruthenium(II) complexes, [RuII{N(R1)=C(R2)CO2}(phen)2]+ (R1 = H, Me, or Bn, R2 = H; R1 = H or Me, R2 = Me; R1, R2 = –(CH2)3–) were obtained from the (α-amino acidato)ruthenium(II) complexes (glycinato, N-Me-glycinato, N-Bn-glycinato, (S)-alaninato, N-Me-(S)-alaninato, and (S)-prolinato complexes) by using diammonium cerium(IV) nitrate (CAN) as an oxidizing reagent. On the other hand, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the α-imino acidato complexes were converted to the corresponding α-imino acidato complexes, except for the glycinato and (S)-alaninato complexes. In particular, the iminoacetatoruthenium(II) complex, [Ru(NH=CHCO2)(phen)2]+, was synthesized for the first time by this method using CAN as an oxidizing reagent. Dehydrogenation with CAN is more facile and versatile than any other method that we have ever examined.
Yoshifumi NOGUCHI3 and Takashi NARASAKA4In order to contribute safety secondary mining of one of pillars in Kamaishi mine, stress and vertical displacement changes in the pillar were monitored at two points during the recovery of the pillar for about 560 days until the secondary mining was almost completed.Two-dimensional stress change in the vertical cross-section was measured by using a pressure cell with eight strain gauges glued around inner wall of the cell, and the vertical pillar displacement was measured with a dial gauge between two rock bolts through a vertical rod.Main results obtained in this study are summarized as follows; 1)From the measurement of stress change in the pillar, it was concluded that the pillar is still stable during the secondary mining, which was consistent with other measurements carried out at the same time.2)The behaviour of the stress and vertical displacement changes in the pillar was quite different between two measuring points. This seems to be caused by the complexity of geology and geometry around the pillar, discontinuities and directions of absolute rock stresses. 3)As the large blasting more than 450 m away from the pillar affected the stress in the pillar, it is suggested that the pillars in the mine support rock pressure in collaboration. 4)The vertical displacement in the pillar was less sensitive to the mining excavations in comparison with stress change.
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