In this work, were obtained nanocomposite membranes polyamide66/Paraíba bentonite clay, treated with a quaternary ammonium salt in order to make it organophilic. The membranes were prepared as thin films using the technique of phase inversion from the nanocomposites obtained by solution. The membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By means of X-ray diffractogram, it was revealed that the membranes remained organically treated clay presented exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structure. From curves of DSC and TG, it was observed that membrane of PA66 with 3% w/w of with treatment clay showed higher thermal stability compared with the same content of clay without treatment. From the SEM photomicrographs, there was a selective layer (skin filter) on top and one porous layer at the bottom of all membranes studied. Moreover, it was verified that the presence of clay provided a significant structural modification in the membranes of polymer nanocomposites.
Nanocomposites containing nylon 66 and montmorillonite clay organically modified with quaternary ammonium salts were obtained via direct melt intercalation. A montmorillonite sample from Boa Vista/PB, Northeast of Brazil, was treated with three types of quaternary ammonium salts such as Genamin, Praepagen and Cetremide. After the treatment, the powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The produced nanocomposites were characterized by Torque Rheometer, Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical properties and HDT. The obtained results for rheological characterization showed that the nanocomposites did not present deterioration with the presence of modified clay. Generally, the mechanical properties of tensile of the systems presented superior values compared to that of pure Ny 66. HDT's properties presented very interesting values for the nanocomposites and significantly larger than for pure nylon 66.
Composites consist of a mixture or combination of the two or more, micro or macro constituents that differ in shape and chemical composition and, in essence, are insoluble in one another. The polyamide is a polymer that presents dimensional stability, good resistance to impact without notch and excellent chemical resistance. Already the ferrites are absorbers of electromagnetic radiation and have versatility to be used as a composite of ferrites. The composite of polyamide6/ferrite was obtained by mixing 10 and 30wt.% of ferrite added to polyamide 6 in a Torque Rheometer Haake. The objective of this work was to develop of polyamide6/ferrite composites to be used as absorbers of electromagnetic radiation. The results were very promising and showed that occurs interaction between the ferrite and polyamide6.
The research in composites attempt to predict the physico-chemical and mechanical a given mixture of materials. In this work, a composite was produced using as the polyamide 6 matrix and how the burden of nickel ferrite was incorporated as powders calcined at 1200°C and concentration of 50 wt.%. This mixture was compacted in a hydraulic press with heating and characterized by XRD, SEM and TG. XRD results showed the characteristic peaks of polyamide 6 and ferrite. SEM results showed a good dispersion of nickel ferrite loading in the matrix, the presence of larger clusters and evenly distributed load for the composite calcined at 1200 ° C. TG curves showed that the addition of loading of calcined nickel ferrite promoted an increase in thermal stability of the composite compared to pure polyamide.
The influence of particle size of the load in the structure and morphology of the composite is an important factor in their final properties. This study will evaluate the behavior of the load of nickel ferrite calcined at different temperatures (700, 900 and 1200 ° C) with the polyamide matrix 6. In the preparation the polymer matrix was previously been dried in a vacuum oven at 80 ° C/48hs for eliminating humidity, and then the load was incorporated in the form of powders calcined at three temperatures in the mass concentration of 50%. Thereafter, the mixture was compressed to obtain composites, which were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show XRD characteristic peaks of nickel ferrite and polyamide 6, showing that the calcination caused an increase in crystallinity of the load. SEM results show that the calcination caused an increase in the size of the agglomerates of the load, favoring significant changes in the morphology of the composite.
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