Distributed link-state routing protocols, including Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System–Intermediate System (IS-IS), have successfully provided robust shortest path routing for IP networks. However, shortest path routing is inflexible and sometimes results in congestion on some critical links. By separating the control plane and the data plane, the centralized control of Software Defined Networking (SDN)-based approach possesses flexible routing capabilities. Fibbing is an approach that can achieve centralized control over a network running distributed routing protocols. In a Fibbing-controlled IP network, the controller cleverly generates fake protocol messages to manipulate routers to steer the flow of the desired paths. However, introducing fake nodes destroys the structure of the loop-free property of Loop-Free Alternate (LFA) that is used to achieve fast failure recovery in IP networks. This paper addresses this issue and presents a solution to provision routing paths so a Fibbing network can still apply LFA in the network. The proposed network jointly considers load-balanced and fast failure recovery. We formulate the problem as an integer linear programming problem. The numerical results reveal that the proposed method can provide 100% survivability against any single node or single link failure.
The fast evolution in wireless communication standards and enhancement in cellular applications has created an exponential rise in the data rate requirement over the past few decades. The next generation wireless standards, therefore, need not only to provide ultra high data rates with minimum latency, but also to support diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. Filterbank multicarrier (FBMC) scheme provides quite a few advantages over the conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for future wire-
less networks. In order to achieve adaptive throughput and diverse service quality requirements under varying channel conditions, a link adaptation algorithm for FBMC scheme is proposed in this paper. The aim is to provide the dynamic selection of optimum parameters resulting in diverse modes of operation to ensure the desired and/or best available communication service quality. The proposed link adaptation algorithm incorporates the parameters of required data rate, available channel condition and QoS demand, and dynamically allocates the appropriate FBMC transmission parameters. The proposed scheme has been evaluated for AWGN as well as multipath fading SUI channel models. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm successfully achieves the desired service quality subject to the availability of suitable channel conditions and is also superior to the existing algorithms in terms of block error rate and effective throughput.
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