Objective: To explore the knowledge, attitude and sexual practices among pregnant women reporting to a tertiary care hospital Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Antenatal clinic of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2020. Methodology: Three hundred and seventy women who attended the antenatal clinic during the study period were interviewed. The responses to chosen preferences were recorded on a structured questionnaire. Results: The majority of participants believed that intercourse could be done throughout pregnancy, it does not result in complications, and improves marital relationships. However, it was difficult due to the changed physical appearance, but it was not unpleasant for the husband. Only 51.1% of participants agreed to decreased libido. 77.6%, 71.6% and 75.4% were of the opinion that it was not prohibited in religion, neither influence baby nor labour respectively. Conclusion: Most pregnant women maintain sexual activity during pregnancy. The majority had adequate knowledge and a positive attitude.
Objective: To measure the frequency of dyspnea in pregnant patients and to evaluate the clinical and echocardiographic findings of pregnant women had dyspnea. Study Design: Analytical descriptive cross-sectional. Place and duration of study: Gynae and Obstetric Department of Tertiary Care Facility from Feb 2022 to Apr 2022. Methodology: It was an analytical cross sectional study conducted during three months. Consecutive pregnant females through non-probability consecutive sampling were included in the study. Patients who had diagnosed history of cardiac disease, respiratory illness, anemic and had covid-19 infection history of 3 months were excluded. The calculated sample size was 323. The pregnant females were assessed for dyspnea (shortness of breath) during pregnancy. Those patients who had dyspnea were referred to cardiac facility for 2D-ECHO (Echocardiography) to determine the cause of dyspnea. Frequency & percentage and mean ± SD were calculated for qualitative and quantitative data respectively. Chi square test was applied to find association between categorical variables. Student t-test was applied for continuous data. Results:A total of 323 pregnant females of age more than 18 years were included in the study. Out of 87(26.9%) pregnant females who had dyspnea during their pregnancy, 2(2.1%) females were from 1st trimester, 26(23.2%) of 2nd trimester and 59(50.8%) of 3rd trimester. ECHO showed that mean left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd) was 46±8mm, LVEF 58.8±7%, sPAP 25.40±3.5mmHg and LVESd 29.33±8.8mm. As compared to the normal range sPAP, LVESd were in lower range, while LVEDd value was higher than the normal range (27.2 mm). Study population who had dyspnea and hypertension (HTN) were (n=13)15.4% (p=1.000) and (n=7)7.7% were had Diabetes (DM) (p=1.000). Cardiac disease was found to be higher in females who had dyspnea i.e.(n=67) 76.9% (p=<0.0001) Conclusion: The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), left ventricle end-systolic diameter (LVESd), and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) of pregnant women with dyspnea were all outside of the normal range. So that the cardiac causes of dyspnea can be clinically identified, we advise ladies with dyspnea to visit a cardiologist and have an echocardiography test.
Objective: To determine the spectrum of Grown up Congenital Heart (GUCH) at Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Dieases. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Paediatric Cardiac Surgery and Obstetric department of Armed Force Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diease, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from 2011 to 2021. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatric Cardiac Surgery and Obstetric department of AFIC/NIHD. After taking informed consent, a total of 1344 patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria with non probability consecutive sampling were enrolled in study from 2011 to 2021. Diagnosis, transthoracic echocardiography findings, procedural details (cardiac catheterization/cardiac surgery/obstetrical intervention) and outcome of all patients were noted. Results: Out of 1344 patients, 700 patients had cardiac catheterization. Among patients who underwent cardiac cath, 304(43%)were males and 396(56.6%) were females. 279(39%) diagnostic and 421(61%) cardiac interventional procedures were done.Most common procedure done was ASD device closure in 227(32%) patients. Complications were seen in 29(4%) patients and mortality in 3(0.4%) patients. There were a total of 188 patients who underwent congenital cardiac surgery. Out of patients who underwent congenital cardiac surgery procedures, 96(51%) were male and 92(49%) were female patients. Major complications were observed in 51(25%) patients and the mortality was 11(5%).There were total of 456 patients in obstetrics department. Out of 456 patients, 54(11%) were with congenital cardiac lesions .The most common defect was VSD 27(6%)patients and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) 27(6%) patients followed by ASD and TOF. The maternal and fetal mortality was12(2.7%) and 22(5.5%) respectively. Conclusion:With immense advancement in diagnosis and management of congenital cardiac diseases, a significant number of patients remain undiagnosed and untreated till the time they present as GUCH. Most common presentation is ASD which is mostly manageable by transcatheter intervention, however late presentation carries a risk of complications like pulmonary hypertension.
Though unicornuate uterus with rudimentary horn is a rare Mullerian duct malformation, it is marked with frequent undesired gynaecological and obstetrical complications. Rupture of gravid horn results in maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. A case of rudimentary horn pregnancy at 15 ± 4 weeks was reported here, with acute renal failure in the postoperative period. The favorable maternal outcome was only ensured after extensive hemodialysis sessions apart from appropriate intensive care management.
Objective: To assess door to consultation time in cardiac OPD of a tertiary care hospital and to recommend strategies to reduce patients waiting time. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Surgical Out-Patient Department, Armed Force Institute of Cardiology, National Institute AFIC/NIHD, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2020 to Sep 2020. Methodology: This quality improvement project (QIP) was conducted for a period of 4 weeks from 15th, Aug-15th, Sep 2020 in the surgical out-patient department of Armed Force Institute of Cardiology, National Institute/National Institute of Heart Disease (AFIC/NIHD). Time for registration, waiting time pre-consultation and consultation times were recorded on a patient survey proforma. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Results: Data was collected from a total of 278 respondents. The results showed that 142(51%) participants had the total door to consultation time of 30 minutes and 86(31%) participants had the door to consultation time of 30-60 minutes 86(31%), respondents reported the actual consultation time to be 11-20 minutes and an equal percentage of participants 86(31%) responded that it was 6-10 minutes. Sixty-six percent 183(66%) participants reported that the doctors were aware of theirmedical history which helped in shorter consultation time. Conclusion: In this QIP we concluded that patients who had shorter waiting time lead to a significantly shorter door to consultation time. A few areas of concern identified in the QIP of note were; less number of registration counters and patients presenting on same day without appointments. Recommendations were made to reduce waiting times in outpatient department (OPD) which would in turn increase patient satisfaction.
Objective: To determine the frequency of early and late labour induction in premature rupture of membranes and compare their outcome. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan,from Jan-Dec 2021. Methodology: One hundred and sixty-four pregnant women aged 18-35 years, with uncomplicated pregnancies at gestational age ≥37 weeks to ≤40 weeks with premature rupture of membranes, were included. All primigravida and multiparous with previous normal vaginal deliveries were selected. Patients were selected with reactive CTG, adequate pelvis, clear liquor and vertex presentation. Induction of labour achieved with cervical Prostaglandin E2. Labour was monitored accordingly. Results: Seventy-four women (45%) presented (and got induction of labour) within 12 hours of premature rupture of membranes (early induction of labour), while 90(55%) fell under late induction of labour. 35(21%) were delivered by instrumental vaginal delivery, while 31(19%) were delivered by caesarian section. The most common indication of the caesarian section was fetal distress (36%), followed by poor progress of labour (32%). Patients with early induction of labour witnessed less chorioamnionitis (7% vs 18%) and post-partum haemorrhage (8% vs 13%). Likewise, with early induction of labour incidence of neonatal sepsis was less (3% vs 10%) with limited poor APGARs at birth (3% vs 12%). No early neonatal death was observed in 164 cases. Conclusion: For women with term premature rupture of membranes, earlier induction of labour results in lower maternal and fetal morbidity.
Objective: To find out fetal and maternal outcomes among obese pregnant females. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jun 2020 to Jun 2021. Methodology: A total of 124 pregnant obese women (BMI more than 30kg/m2), gestational age between 13-24 months, having fasting blood glucose and blood pressure within normal limits were enrolled in the study and were subsequently followed throughout pregnancy upon antenatal visits scheduled as per guidelines. Participants with diabetes mellitus or hypertension,above 40 years of age, family or previous history of gestational diabetes, and pre-eclampsia were also excluded from the study. Fetal and maternal outcomes were noted. Results: One hundred and twenty-four (124) pregnant obese women were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 33.7±4.1 years (21 -38 years). Out of which, 86(69.4%) had cesarean section primarily due to pre-eclampsia, prolonged or dysfunctional labour causing fetal distress. There were 8 cases of miscarriage and 3 cases of stillbirth. 26(21.0%) women presented with gestational diabetes mellitus, 31(25.0%) with pre-eclampsia and 12(9.7%) developed both conditions. There were 7(5.6%) participants who delivered babies with macrosomia, 1(0.8%) anencephaly, 3(2.4%) congenital deafness and 1(0.8%) cleft lip. Conclusion: Obesity in pregnancy can lead to serious maternal and fetal outcomes ranging from abortions to neonatal anomalies and fetal death. A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose and manage these difficult conditions.
Objective: To find out the burden of Vitamin D deficiency and its related risk factors in early pregnancy. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Risalpur, Pakistan from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: A total of 370 healthy pregnant women visiting outpatient department in the 1st trimester for routine pregnancy examination and willing to be part of this study were included. Vitamin D deficiency was labeled as serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL, insufficiency as 20-32 ng/mL and sufficiency >32 ng/mL. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics along with socio-economic status, clinical profile, supplementary intake and details of life style and daily living patterns were noted in all women. Results: In a total of 370 pregnant women, mean age was 29.92±5.5 years. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showing association of vitamin D insufficiency/insufficiency with daily sunlight exposure below 1 hour (p<0.001), low socioeconomic status (p=0.002), working women (p=0.025), no use of vitamin D supplementation before pregnancy (p=0.044) and no use of vitamin D in the current pregnancy (p=0.001). Conclusion: Serum vitamin D levels of majority of the pregnant ladies in the 1st trimester were found to be either deficient or insufficient. Less daily sunlight exposure, low socioeconomic status, working women, no use of vitamin D supplementation before pregnancy or during 1st trimester were found to have significant association with vitamin D deficiency. Keywords: 1st trimester, pregnant, sunlight exposure, vitamin D,
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.