Male Wistar rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) containing 2.5% cholesterol and 16% lard supplemented with polyphenolic natural products namely quercetin, morin or tannic acid (100 mg/rat/day) for 4, 7 and 10 wk. Rats fed HFD without the supplements served as control. The effects of these compounds on blood lipid profiles, enzymes, liver fat and aorta of the rat were studied. In rats fed HFD containing tannic acid, plasma total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and triglyceride (TG) were reduced by 33.3%, 29.6% and 65.1%, respectively, at week 10. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) concentration was not altered. Fat deposition was also decreased in the liver of these rats. Morin significantly reduced plasma TG (65.1%) and liver fat only at week 7 while at week 10 it reduced plasma TC and LDLC by 30.9% and 29.3% respectively. The plasma HDLC concentration was increased by 47.3% at week 4 but no effect was seen at weeks 7 and 10. In the rats fed HFD containing quercetin, plasma HDLC was increased by 28.6% at week 7 but at week 10, plasma LDLC was increased by 21.2%. Quercetin did not cause any significant changes on the plasma TC, TG and liver fat at weeks 4, 7 and 10. Plasma alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin in control and treated groups were not significantly different. However, hepatic lipase activity in rats fed tannic acid was significantly lower. Aortae of all groups of rats showed no abnormalities. The present report indicates that tannic acid and morin are effective in reducing plasma and liver lipids when supplemented with a high fat diet in rats.
The effects of tannic acid or its vehicle (normal saline) on blood pressure, blood lipid parameters, liver and kidney malonaldehyde (MDA) levels were investigated in the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). When tannic acid dissolved in normal saline, was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) twice a week at a single dose of 15 mg/rat/injection (30 mg/week) for a period of 10 weeks to the SHR, the serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and triglycerides (TG) were significantly lower compared to the vehicle-treated SHR. However, there was no significant difference in the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) concentration. Administration (i.p.) of tannic acid to the WKY did not cause any significant effects on the serum TC, LDLC, and TG levels. The HDLC concentration of the tannic acid-treated WKY was significantly higher than in the vehicle-treated WKY. The LDLC/HDLC ratio was significantly lowered compared to their respective controls for both strains of rats. When tannic acid was administered (i.p.) by osmotic pumps over a 13 day period (30 mg tannic acid/week), the kidney MDA level in the SHR was found to be significantly lower than in the vehicle-treated SHR. The liver MDA level was not significantly different between the treated and control rats. In the WKY, MDA was detected in trace amounts in the kidneys of both the control and treated rats. There were appreciable amounts of MDA detected in the liver of the control and treated rats but these were not significantly different from one another.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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