To elucidate the fundamental differences and similarities of the neuropathological features and etiopathogenesis of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and parkinsonism-dementia complex (PDC) of Guam, we conducted a topographic, quantitative and histological investigation of tau-containing neurons, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), Bunina bodies and ubiquitinated inclusion bodies in 27 non-ALS non-PDC Guamanian subjects, as well as 10 Guam ALS patients, 28 PDC patients, and 5 patients with combined ALS and PDC (ALS-PDC). The topographic distribution of NFTs was basically the same in each disease and also in the non-ALS non-PDC group. There were relatively few, if any, NFTs in non-ALS non-PDC subjects and ALS patients, but there were many, especially in the frontal and temporal cortex, in Guam PDC and ALS-PDC patients. The histological and ultrastructural features of Bunina bodies in Guam ALS and ALS-PDC patients were similar to those reported in classic ALS. The ratio of occurrence of the inclusion in Guam ALS and ALS-PDC patients was similar to that reported so far in classic ALS. Ubiquitinated skein-like inclusion bodies were observed in the spinal anterior horn cells in Guam ALS and ALS-PDC patients. These findings indicate that classic ALS does exist on Guam, that NFTs in Guam ALS patients are merely a background feature widely dispersed in the population, that the mechanism of neuronal degeneration of Guam ALS is basically different from that of PDC, and that Guam ALS occurs initially are classic ALS.
Recent developments in the fields of parallel rendering and high resolution tiled displays have made it possible to apply these technologies to build large and scalable stereo displays for use in Virtual Reality applications. This paper presents the implementation of a high-resolution stereo tiled display (2x8 tiles), built from lowcost commodity components. Among the problems that arise when building such a system, the most challenging is multi-projector alignment and calibration. We describe our method of aligning the left and right-eye projectors using an automatic approach rather than the time consuming alignment of the projectors by hand. We compare two implementations of this method: a single-pass and a two-pass rendering method to adjust projector images for alignment of the tiles. We demonstrate such a stereo-calibrated tiled display in action and we present recommendations for using this system to overcome remaining issues.
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