In order to determine the nature of processes of the dynamic polymer flow with simple chemical reactions in two-dimensional cylindrical geometry, objects — a sugar melt and a high molecular weight fraction of glutenin of flour — were chosen in the hydrodynamic description, which were investigated on a rotational rheometer HAAKE RotoVisco 1 and the Moisture Analyzer OHAUS MB23. The nonlinear dynamics of a viscous flow of a compressible, homogeneous liquid with chemical reactions is considered. A nonstationary exact solution of the Poiseuille type is obtained. This solution is used to investigate the effect of viscosity and chemical reactions of the first order on the characteristics of the nonequilibrium dynamic states of the system. The present results of the joint research of the specialists of the All-Union Research Institute of the Confectionery Industry and the MEPhI are a continuation of the work on the formation of structures in food disperse systems and indicate that similar features can also be manifested in real flows of polymer liquids in various industrial installations.
Metal nanostructure-treated polymers are widely recognized as the key material responsible for a specific antibacterial response in medical-based applications. However, the finding of an optimal bactericidal effect in combination with an acceptable level of cytotoxicity, which is typical for metal nanostructures, prevents their expansion from being more significant so far. This study explores the possibility of firmly anchoring silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into polyetherether ketone (PEEK) with a tailored surface morphology that exhibits laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). We demonstrated that laser-induced forward transfer technology is a suitable tool, which, under specific conditions, enables uniform decoration of the PEEK surface with AgNPs, regardless of whether the surface is planar or LIPSS structured. The antibacterial test proved that AgNPs-decorated LIPSS represents a more effective bactericidal protection than their planar counterparts, even if they contain a lower concentration of immobilized particles. Nanostructured PEEK with embedded AgNPs may open up new possibilities in the production of templates for replication processes in the construction of functional bactericidal biopolymers or may be directly used in tissue engineering applications.
The nonlinear dynamics of viscous, flow in a compressible spatially homogeneous fluid with chemical reactions are studied. Time-dependent but exact solution of the Piseuille type is obtained. Proceeding from this solution, the influence of a viscosity effect and a chemical reaction on the characteristics of nonequilibrium temporal states of the system is considered. Special attention is drawn to the effect of density collapses on the development of chemical reactions.
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