Practical blood flow restriction training (PBFRT) is a novel method of resistance exercise that has been proposed to increase muscular strength and hypertrophy at lower intensities than is currently recommended in guidelines for resistance training. This study aimed to investigate whether practical, inexpensive elastic wraps for PBFRT during a 6-week bodyweight resistance training programme increases lower limb muscular strength, hypertrophy and function. Methods: This study was designed as a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Young men and women were randomised to either the PBFRT (n=7; 2 males and 5 females) or control (n=5; 2 males and 3 females) group. The intervention was a single leg squat (SLS) bodyweight resistance exercise to fatigue, twice a week for 6 weeks. The PBFRT group performed the SLS exercise with an elastic wrap around their proximal thigh at a perceived tightness of 7/10, and the control group at a perceived tightness of 0/10. The following outcomes were then measured: knee extensor concentric, eccentric and isometric strength (dynamometer), thigh girth and single leg vertical jump height. Results: There were no significant differences between groups (PBFRT and control) for all outcome measures assessed from baseline to post-intervention testing. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the use of PBFRT in conjunction with an SLS bodyweight resistance exercise was not effective at increasing lower limb muscular strength, hypertrophy and function.
Details of the method of lung ventilation and the preferred position of the patient during posterior fossa (infratentorial) surgery and cervical operations were sought from 37 neurosurgical centres in the United Kingdom. The sitting position remains popular (52%). Although in the majority the use of controlled ventilation is routine practice in a significant number (22%), the maintenance of spontaneous breathing is preferred, particularly during posterior fossa surgery. Although the potential hazards of the sitting position are recognized, there is no real evidence from this survey of any move to abandon its use.
Blood pressure and cerebrospinal fluid pressure changes were studied during lumbar air encephalography under general anaesthesia. Two anaesthetic techniques were used. In one group spontaneous respiration with nitrous oxide, oxygen and halothane was used and in the other controlled ventilation with nitrous oxide and oxygen was maintained. Larger falls in blood pressure, on sitting up, were seen in the spontaneous respiration group and cerebrospinal fluid pressures were also higher in these patients but never rose to dangerous levels. It is concluded that a technique of controlled ventilation with nitrous oxide and oxygen is preferable during lumbar air encephalography.
SummaryUsing Allen's test, impaired ulnar artery circulation to one or both hands was detected pre-operatiriely in.fit1e out of ten acromegalrc patients scheduled for transphenoidal hypophysectomy. Three of these patients also had symptoms of compression of the median nerve at the nrist (carpal tunnel syndrome). If ulnar you. is considered to be inadequate rannulation of a dorsalis pedis artery proriirles one possible alternative route for continuous measurement of rhe blood pressure during inducedhpotension. In the three patients in this reporr in whom this oessel uus cannulatedno ischaemic cornplications in the foot were seen
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