The primary purpose and objective of the study are to identify significant changes in social ontology under the influence of the digitalization process. A critical analysis shows that the categories of society’s ontology have been studied in economic theory, political science, historical sciences, and applied sociology. However, they ignore the philosophical content of the ontological categories of society, which actualizes the study of the dynamics of the ontology of society from the position of metaphysics, i. e., philosophical ontology. The study’s authors used a comparative analysis, theoretical synthesis, the hermeneutic method, and the principles of dialectical logic as the historical concreteness. As a result of the study, starting from the concepts of E. Pickering, L. Duston, P. Galison, M. DeLanda, Ilyenkov, and other authors, significant changes in the concept of objectivity of the ontology of society were revealed.
АННОТАЦИяСтатья посвящена анализу культурных оснований высшего образования в РФ и КНР. Особое внимание уделено проведению рыночных реформ и модернизации высшей школы. Отмечается, что, несмотря на схожую форму, преобразования рос сийского и китайского образования, в том числе в связи с вступлением в Международную торговую организацию, имеют различное ценностное наполнение, так как в первом случае происходит ломка ценностей и вестернизация, а во втором -сохранение традиций и национальной компоненты. В конце статьи автор делает вывод о ключевой роли воспитательного аспекта и идеологии в высшем образовании КНР.
АННОТАЦИяВ статье говорится об имманентных противоречиях, заложенных в самой природе, генетике Запада и Востока, проявляющихся на географии Проекта всего Нового Шелкового пути как диалектика межцивилизационных отношений. Глобализационные процессы отчетливо выявляют противоречия, определяют различные варианты их разрешения, особенности, действующие на всех уровнях человеческого бытия и сознания -от мировоззрения и мировосприятия в целом, и до прикладной хозяйственно-экономической деятельности, в частности. Осмысление данного фактора объективной реальности, поиск и выявление форм и способов разрешения противоречий межцивилизационных отношений Запада и Востока может явиться важным теоретико-философским основанием нахождения практических мер гармоничного развития этих отношений в пространстве Нового Шелкового пути. Kлючевые слова: Новый Шелковый путь; западный менталитет; восточная мудрость; макроцивилизации; межцивилизационные отношения; демографическая лавина; многополярный мир Для цитирования: Махаматов Т. Т. Диалектика цивилизаций Запада и Востока в Новом великом шелковом пути. Гуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университета. 2020;10(2):47-53. ABsTRACTThe article deals with the immanent contradictions inherent in the very nature, genetics of the West and the East, manifested in the geography of the entire "Silk Road" as a dialectic of inter-civilisational relations. Globalisation processes, which have entered their neo-globalisation period, clearly reveal contradictions, determine various options for their resolution and features that operate at all levels of human existence and consciousness -from the peculiarities of worldview and world perception, in general, to applied economic activity, in particular. The understanding of this factor of objective reality, the search and identification of forms and ways of resolving the contradictions of inter-civilisational relations of the West and the East can be an essential theoretical and philosophical basis for the harmonious development of these relations.
The authors analyse the current objectives of modern education, based on recent studies of human existence revealing its multidirectional and multifaceted nature and determining the life position and behaviour of a person. The levels of the modern education system often do not focus on the existential aspect because of the educational goals and objectives, which is to prepare the workforce for the labour market. The transformation of the negative form of a student’s existence into the existence of a person struggling with the absurdity and meaninglessness of life is not included in the educational process. The authors propose an original way of solving this urgent problem of modern education. The research methodology is based on the concepts introduced by M. Gordon, S. Bakewell, T. Staehler, and V.V. Varava about the possibility of using the “dark aspects” of existence as a source for personal development. Besides, the concept developed by T.M. Makhamatov about the multidirectional phenomena of existence has been used to analyse the problem. The authors conclude that today, the education system focuses not only on high professionalism among students but also on such existential aspects as Sisyphean dedication and determination, as well as the ability to deal with meaninglessness, absurdity, anxiety, and fear and the ability to turn them into a source for self-affirmation. It is possible to implement this task by developing such an ability to overcome the absurdity of human interaction with external being, as Sisyphean labour, as a search for meaning in something meaningless.
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