Development of methods for revealing antivital experiences and propensity to autoaggressive behavior in educational institutions is one of the key steps in developing strategies for the primary prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to develop an effective screening diagnostic package aimed at identifying antivital experiences and propensity to autoaggressive behavior. The survey methods we used were: Beck Hopelessness Scale, Russell Loneliness Scale, A.G. Shmelev Suicide Risk Questionnaire, PDQ-IV Borderline disorder and Narcissism scales. At the first stage we examined 750 minors aged 12-18 and identified risk group (85 people – 11.4%), which included adolescents with high levels of both individual scales, and their combination. At the second stage we examined 10 adolescents at risk. In 7 of them (70%) were identified antivital, suicidal thoughts of passive or compulsive nature, signs of subjective and objective socio- psychological maladjustment. Our preliminary conclusion is that high levels of hopelessness and loneliness in adolescents are stable predictors of mental and emotional distress and psychosocial maladjustment in the period of psychological crises and decompensation of character accentuation of borderline and narcissistic types. These scales can be recommended for primary screening of antivital (depressive) experiences and propensity to autoaggressive behavior in adolescents.
The behavior of self-harm is prevalent among adolescents. Most research on the topic has focused either on qualitative investigation of hospitalized teens or on quantitative research of non-clinical population. There combination of these approaches is considered very promising, yet it is extremely rare. The present article investigates the behavior of self-harm without suicidal intention in non-clinical population. The participants were 604 students of Moscow schools (7—11 grades). 22% participants reported at least 1 act of deliberate self-harm in the lifetime period (54% — single episode, 46% multiple episodes of self-harm). 100 adolescents with a history of non-suicidal self-harm were further assessed with Clinical In- ventory, which reflected the gradation of the key suicide markers. Clinical assess- ment revealed three major mechanisms of self-harm development: stressful (20%), depressive (45%), and psychopathological (35%). Further distinction among impulsive and reflective led to description of 6 groups, each having specific clini- cal picture, dynamics, motives, personal patterns and attitude towards self-harm. Understanding of leading mechanism of antivital behavior is essential for effecting crisis intervention and psychological counseling of adolescents in the aftermath of self-harm or suicidal attempts. Comparative analysis of these results with data on clinical population reveals several differences.
The paper presents the results of the study of coping specifics in adolescents at risk of self-injurious and suicidal behavior (N=174). We hypothesized that profiles of coping depended on the types of actual stress. We took into consideration the following types of stressful circumstances: parental divorce, death of relatives or loved ones, conflict with parents, serious somatic disease, academic failure and school problems, unrequited love, other, no actual stress. We discovered both common and stress-specific coping strategies. One of the common coping strategies is avoidance that is used more often in all stressful situations. Moreover, the sample was distinguished by increasing low-level strategies, rather than decreasing high-level strategies (such as planning or reappraisal). Applications to prevention measures are discussed.
This paper examines the influence of parents and family structure in General on the formation and development of self-esteem of children. The importance of forming a positive, adequate self-esteem to maintain the psychological health of children and the success of interaction with the social environment is analyzed. The main negative factors leading to a decrease in self-esteem, as well as factors contributing to the formation of adequate self-esteem. It is revealed that the most important element that allows a child to become successful in the future is the formation of not only positive, but more importantly adequate self-esteem as it is adequate self-esteem allows harmonious development of the child’s personality. It is concluded that today the predominant negative form of education of parents of their children, which is a constant reminder of the failures of the child, the main character traits of the child are ridiculed, often parents make obviously impossible demands on their children. It is revealed that the structure of the family also plays a crucial role in the formation of self-esteem of the child as in single-parent families often lack all the necessary benefits for the child, resulting in a child formed low self-esteem, which negatively affects the psychological health of the subject as a whole.
Introduction: feeling of hopelessness (Beck depressive triad) may be a manifestation of depression, as well as predictor of suicidal behavior. Aim: investigation of factors of hopelessness and loneliness in teenagers. Methods: Beck Hopelessness Inventory (A. Beck), The UCLA loneliness scale D.W. Russell (version 3). Participants were 1499 schoolchildren (840 female and 659 male) aged from 14 to 18 years (medium age 15.7 years). 763 teens were surveyed before leaving for summer camp, 738 during the school year. 279 of 739 adolescents live in rural areas, 460 in Moscow. Results: A comparative analysis by gender, the time of the study and place of residence was conducted. Mean rates for Beck hopelessness and loneliness scale Russell were higher in the group of students than in the group of summer camp children (4.9, 4.0, P <.001 and 26.2, 23.07 P <.001). Girls were tend to "believe in their future" less than boys and feel more lonely and misunderstood. Teenagers living in rural areas were more likely to believe that they have "no hope for now and there is no reason to believe that they will in the future" (P <.025). Conclusions: onset of feelings of hopelessness and loneliness during the school year, especially in undergraduates, due to the tightening of requirements for the graduation exams, increased pre-examination stress. Therefore we suggest the development of the system for preventing manifestations of hopelessness and loneliness, taking into account children's age, gender and socio-demographic data.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.