The modern development of the food industry is accompanied by an increasing use of automated process control systems. The widespread use of automated control systems is caused by a significant economic effect, which is achieved by ensuring the specified qualities of the products produced regardless of subjective factors, reducing the loss of valuable products, reducing the labor intensity of production processes, and increasing the culture of production. The article presents a scheme of automation and energy saving of the technological process of production of functional beverages based on direct-pressed grape juice with increased nutritional and biological value due to the inclusion of feijoa and blackberry extracts in their composition. Monitoring of the technological process was carried out using a multi-channel stand. The main parameters of monitoring were the consumption of basic and auxiliary products; the temperature of pasteurization and cooling of direct-pressed juice and extracts from fruit and berry raw materials; the level of pulp and product in the tanks. The obtained experimental data and developed technological methods allowed us to offer an effective energy-saving technology for the production of high-quality functional beverages in the conditions of energy-saving management of the production process. To implement the proposed technology, a hardware and technological scheme for the production of functional beverages has been developed. Process monitoring allows you to reduce energy consumption by up to 30% by using modern automation and control tools.
Onions are eaten fresh throughout the year, so the safety of its products is an important task for production. The quality and safety of products in addition to hereditary characteristics of the variety, are affected by the growing conditions and storage technology, an important role is played by the conditions of the crop mineral nutrition. Studies were carried out in the zone of unstable humidification of the Stavropol Territory in 2016, the storage of products (2016-2017) was carried out in a storage with controlled temperature and ventilation. As a result of researches it is proved that the biggest effect on saving the crop was observed in the application of the estimated rate of the fertilizer N120P170K140 which allowed to reduce the general losses of production of onions in the course of storage in comparison with the control one by 6.5-8.7 %. The use of the calculated rate of fertilizers contributed to the production of the largest amount of dry matter, sugars and vitamin C in the production of onion, and the biochemical parameters of bulbs during storage for all types of the experience have changed.
The purpose of the research is to study the effect of biologically active substances in organic fertilizers on the productivity of tomato Sherami F1 in a winter greenhouse. The production experience was laid in a winter glazed greenhouse, which is located in the sixth light zone.The objects of research were cherry tomato plants Sherami F1, organic fertilizers 5AP, Maxifol Rutfarm, Nutrimir 4-4-10, Quick-Link. In the experiment, the average plant growth per week, the height of the plants, the number of leaves, the number of brushes collected and the average weight of the fetus, the chemical composition of the plants and yield were determined. The largest growth in a week and the tallest plants were obtained with Quick-Link; the most brushes collected and the largest fruits - when applying fertilizer 5AP. The use of organic fertilizers contributed to the better absorption of macronutrients by tomato plants from a nutrient solution: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves and fruits increased relative to the control. When using biologically active substances in organomineral fertilizers, tomato productivity increased by 1.1-2.7 kg/m2 compared to the control, and the biochemical composition of the fruits improved.
Studies on the influence of biologically active substances with immunomodulatory properties on the productivity of greenhouse cucumber were conducted in the winter-spring turnover of the sixth light zone in 2019-2020. The paper analyzes data on the prevalence of major diseases in cucumber plantings, the intensity of respiration and photosynthesis in plants, the level of yield and yielding of standard crop products, depending on the use of immunomodulating substances against the background of the main nutrition scheme. As a result of scientific research, it was found that the use of immunomodulators (arachidonic acid, hydroxycinnamic acids, triterpenic acids, salicylic acid) in the technology of cucumber cultivation activated the protective properties of plants against pathogens, contributed to the activation of the intensity of respiration, photosynthesis, obtaining an increased yields and the output of standard products.
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