Background: The goal of the current study was to ascertain how well oil cake extracts functioned as nutrient source and seed priming agent for groundnut seeds in order to improve their seed quality attributes. Experiments were conducted on cv. CO 7 variety of groundnut to determine the best oil cake extracts and concentrations for seed priming. Methods: For the experiment, seed priming agents were groundnut, sesame, coconut, cotton and neem extracts from oil cakes. The various concentrations of each oil cake extract, namely 5, 10, 15 and 20%, were made and used to treat seeds with oil cake extracts at their ideal concentration. Result: The seeds pre-treated with oil cake extracts had improved seed quality, including faster germination, higher germination rates, the longest root and shoot lengths, the highest levels of dry matter production and a higher vigour index. The most effective groundnut seed priming agent was found to be 20% groundnut oil cake extract. Hence, the groundnut oil cake produced as a farm byproduct can be successfully used to increase the vigour of the seedlings, simplifying the recycling of agricultural prod
Background: Endophytes are generally defined as symptomless fungal or bacterial microorganisms, which are associated with their host plants by colonizing the internal plant parts, which has made them as a valuble tool in improving crop performance in agriculture. With this view, the study was conducted to assess the efficacy of endophytes when used as seed biopriming agent on plant growth and seed yield of hybrid maize COH(M) 8 under field conditions during 2021-2022. Methods: The present study was carried out with different endophytic seed priming for 12 hrs duration at the ratio of 1:1 volume/volume with Beauveria bassiana @ 5%, Metarhizium anisopliae @ 5% and Bacillus subtilis @ 8% along with hydro priming and untreated control combined with foliar spray at 30th and 50th days after sowing (DAS). Result: The results revealed that among various endophytes used in this study, M. anisopliae @ 5% when used for biopriming of seeds as well as for foliar spraying @ 0.5% maximized the plant height (208.4 cm @ 45 DAS and 247.8 cm @ 75 DAS), leaf length (76.0 cm) chlorophyll (chl) content (chl a 0.423 mg/g, chl b 0.229 mg/g and total chl 0.652 mg/g), cob length (21.2 cm), seed yield/plot (6.89 kg) and seed yield/ha (5744 kg).
Endophytes are important microorganisms that enhance the plant's stability through a symbiotic relationship, without any harmful effects and symptoms in the host plant. To study the effect of endophytes on overall performance of COH(M)8 hybrid maize seeds, the present study was conducted with different endophytic seed priming for 12 hrs duration with Beauveria bassiana @ 5% (T2), Metarhizium anisopliae @ 5% (T3) and Bacillus subtilis @ 8% (T4) along with hydro priming (T1) and untreated control (T0). The seed priming treatments with all the above three endophytes enhanced the seed quality parameters, among which M. anisopliae @ 5% (T3) registered maximum increase of germination (4.34%), shoot length (20.73%), root length (15.04%), dry matter production (15.22%) and vigour index (22.68%) over control. Similarly, the seeds primed with M. anisopliae @ 5% (T3) recorded the highest value of dehydrogenase activity (0.441 OD value), α- amylase activity (2.06 mg maltose min-1) and antioxidant activity viz., catalase (1.55 μmol H2O2 min-1 g-1 protein) and peroxidase (0.87 U mg-1protein min-1). Results of this study revealed that the endophytes can enhance overall the seed quality in maize.
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