The article considers the possibility of working with natural and technical systems of the Leningrad region in terms of processing several main types of waste. In article is collection some interesting program product software for waste management. In the process of analyzing the situation with waste management and the involvement of Russian citizens in the methodology of separate collection, the importance of modern software products installed on personal computers and gadgets was emphasized it is the constant interaction with such software products that adapts the methodology of separate collection, allows Russian citizens to learn more about methods of waste treatment, taking care of the environment. In addition, the task was set to create a perfect software product that takes into account the advantages of all previously created software products for recycling waste in the Java Script environment. The author emphasizes the possibility of developing a series of software products for waste management and developing waste management competencies in St. Petersburg residents. It is also worth noting that the created program described in the article is currently being developed in the third version, taking into account more and more information sources on waste processing. It should be noted that the described product contains several built-in hyperlinks to the most significant freely installed products for environmental monitoring. The article contains a separate chapter on the development of legislation in the field of waste management in the Russian Federation in order to reduce spontaneous dumps, and the organization of modernized state-owned enterprises regional operators for waste processing, creating a comfortable economic environment for recycling, rather than storing waste. In the last task, the ECO-365 software product may also be useful for better ecology in all peace.
In article research methods of recycling waste. The main selected methods - the development of fertilizers for soils and the creation of innovative building material. Currently, according to the Housing Committee of Administration of St.-Petersburg annually on landfill sites is disposed of 6.5 - 9 million cubic meters per year. Of this volume, only 1.5 million cubic meters (17-23%) is sent for processing in two landfills ("Novoselki" and JSC "Pilot plant MPBO-2 Yanino", project storage tailings according to an approximate assessment have 50 000 tons of RDF-raw materials). Also in St. Petersburg and the adjacent territory of the Leningrad region there are about 250 unauthorized dumps, which are placed, according to very rough estimates, from 500 thousand to 1 million cubic meters of garbage. A distinctive feature of illegal dumps is the high concentration of heavy and rare metals in the garbage. The article discusses the possibility of using aerobic waste composting as a fertilizer for soil and a solid building material, or alternative solid binder, highly abrasive granules. The applied research methods suggest that RDF wastes are commercialized and have the prospect of becoming a separate innovative product.
Currently, much attention is paid by science and technology to remote control of hazardous production processes. One of the monitoring tools is the SCADA system, which allows you to evaluate the readings of measuring transducers and promptly report their critical changes to the operator. Of course, this system has certain disadvantages along with its efficiency and high functionality - first of all, the lack of basic methods for checking the system as a whole, evaluating the error, and evaluating the results of the values given. If we think from the standpoint of digitalization, SCADA is an intellectual double, an artificial intelligence that allows us to implement the basic principles of the 4th industrial revolution. The advantages and disadvantages of such systems will be discussed in this study
Samples of a composite material based on polypropylene matrix and carbon fillers (carbon black and carbon nanofibers) were obtained. It was experimentally shown that the dependences of the electrical conductivity on the filler mass fraction have a threshold nature/When the mass fraction of the filler is higher than the threshold the values of the electrical conductivity increases by more than 8-10 orders. Determination of the electrical conductivity value near the percolation threshold is difficult. In the article the simulation method was proposed which considers the presence of a dielectric layer between the filler particles, presented a method for its evaluation: the percolation curve near the percolation threshold was described. A fairly good agreement between the experimental and theoretical values of conductivity for various geometries and types of fillers is shown in this work.
The polymer composite material based on polypropylene (PP) matrix and vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF) as filler was received by the melt-technology. Dependences of the thermal conductivity on the filler mass fraction and temperature were experimentally obtained. Such dependences have a nearly linear character. It is shown that the material heat-conducting properties don’t depend on the sample geometry. It is found out that in case the concentration of VGCF is more than 5% the material can be used for heat removal in electrical and electronic devices. To describe the heat transfer process a model was built based on the multichannel conduction problem. It allows describing the heat transfer process in composite materials with sharply differing heat-conducting properties of the components taking into account such material characteristics as density, heat capacity, heat conduction, and heat flow velocity.
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