The experiments were carried out at Tamiya, Fayom, Egypt for developing a Calendula inflorescence picking machine suit to the small holding farmers. The machine was consisted of a cutting head and knapsack air vacuum unit. The cutting head was equipped with two saw discs rotating underneath calibration fingers. These fingers were used to measure the correct flowering stem length before cutting. Three types of cutting saw discs (plan,50teeth, and 100 teeth) were used at five disc speeds of 2.78,4.17,5.56,6.97, and 8.34 m/s to determine the optimum disc type and disc cutting speed that fitful a higher ratio of correct cutting stem length. Also, the same procedures were made with the optimum disc linear speed 6.97 m/s, and 100 teeth discs with fingers lengths of (125mm,150mm,175mm, and 200mm) at three fingers angles (0 o ,10 o , and 20 o). The results indicated that the optimum parameters were at 6.97 m/s disc linear speed, 100 teeth discs type, 150 mm finger length, and finger angle 10 o that gave average percentage of a correct stem cut length 93.
A study was carried out to test and evaluate the effect of different milling times ( 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 sec ) on total and head rice yield, whiteness degree of milled rice, power consumption of milling process and neutrino value of milled rice. The experimental work was proceeded for four different short grain rice varieties included Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Giza 178, and Sakha super -300 using a laboratory scale friction type milling machine. The results show that, for all studied varieties the total and head rice yields decreased with the increase of milling time. Meanwhile, increasing the milling time over 60 sec increased the whitening degree in a non distinguished matter by human eyes. However, it has showed a dramatically reduction in head rice yield and neutrino constitutes of milled rice and limited reduction in power consumption. In general, milling time of 60 sec is recommended for milling process using the friction type milling machines. This level of milling time showed higher milling yield and nutrion value without noticeable reduction in milling degree and reasonable power consumption.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.