ObjectiveTo inform development of guidelines for hypertension management in Vietnam, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of different strategies on screening for hypertension in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). MethodsA decision tree was combined with a Markov model to measure incremental cost-effectiveness of different approaches to hypertension screening. Values used as input parameters for the model were taken from different sources. Various screening intervals (one-off, annually, biannually) and starting ages to screen (35, 45 or 55 years) and coverage of treatment were analysed. We ran both a ten-year and a lifetime horizon. Input parameters for the models were extracted from local and regional data. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate parameter uncertainty. A threshold of three times GDP per capita was applied. ResultsCost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained varied in different screening scenarios. In a ten-year horizon, the cost-effectiveness of screening for hypertension ranged from cost saving to Int$ 758,695 per QALY gained. For screening of men starting at 55 years, all screening scenarios gave a high probability of being cost-effective. For screening of females starting at 55 years, the probability of favourable cost-effectiveness was 90% with one-off screening. In a lifetime horizon, cost per QALY gained was lower than the threshold of Int$ 15,883 in all screening scenarios among males. Similar results were found in females when starting screening at 55 years. Starting screening in females at 45 years had a high PLOS ONE |
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between knowledges, attitudes and practices of people in Da Nang city in Dengue hemorrhagic fever preventional activities. Subjects and Methods: The study was done on 252 patients who have evidence of hemorrhage and 252 persons not suffering from Dengue fever in the same area under the mating method. Collect data on indicators of knowledge, attitude and practice about Dengue mosquitoes, bed nets, water cleaning containers, remove waste materials, using of incense, spray ... Results and discussion: There is a correlation between infected Dengue hemorrhagic fever and many factors, includes: didn’t know that mosquitoes are transmitted by insects (OR=1,51), not know that Aedes aegypti spread Dengue haemorrhagic fever. The relationship between Dengue hemorrhagic fever and attitudes: not accept mosquitoes net all day and night (OR = 14.95), not accept regular cleaning of water containers (OR = 5.66), not accept using incense, aerosols (OR = 4.257), not accept getting rid of waste water containers (OR = 4.35). Related problems between Dengue hemorrhagic fever with practice: there is a relationship between remove waste materials and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (OR = 3.966), There are no correlation between practices mosquito net all day and night and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (OR = 1.316) Conclusion: There are some correlation between knowledges, attitudes and practices and Dengue hemorrhagic fever infected risk.
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