Telomeres are the ending areas of chromosomes – protective «caps» that ensure the stability of chromosomes. Telomere shortening is one of the most important biological signs of aging and is involved in cellular aging and the «mitotic clock» mechanism. One of the known mechanisms of the impact of radiation on the aging process is damage to telomeres by free radicals. Oxidative stress has a toxic effect on telomere length. The increase in free radicals occurs under the action of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, although antioxidant mechanisms are often able to neutralize harmful free radicals. Low doses of non-ionizing and ionizing radiation even cause the activation of antioxidant systems, however, when the body is exposed to radiation at a high dose or for a long time, or if pathological processes with oxidative stress occur in the body, damage to cells becomes more noticeable, and aging processes accelerate. Maintaining telomere length and a normal rate of aging is important for health. In this review, we want to discuss the role of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation in cellular aging, in particular, in the shortening of telomere length. Key words: aging, radiation, oxidative stress, telomere length, toxicity.
Dyspepsia is complex disturbance of gastrointestinal tract leading to certain discomfort, in particular, stomach ache and then to such complications as gastritis, stomach ulcer and stomach cancer. Frequently these complications are related to the infection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The aim of our study was to investigate the characteristic and source of the prevalence of Helicobacter infection in some regions of Georgia, the frequency of H. pylori and dyspepsia caused by it in some patients and volunteers. Subjects: patients' descriptive study in policlinics, volunteer fishermen who fish in the river Mtkvari, Gardabani municipality agricultural workers who use the river Mtkvari water to irrigate. Materials: The river Vere water sample (Vere ravine-Gachiani bridge) and the river Mtkvari (Rustavi-Gardabani areas) water sample, population questionnaires. European Scientific Journal March 2017 edition vol.13, No.9 ISSN: 1857
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