The objective of this study was to confirm the influences of stress from labor and climate on the formation of the mother-offspring bond in Morada Nova sheep in the first 2 h after delivery or at the moment of the first suckling of the newborn. The data were collected from 80 Morada Nova ewes (25 primiparous and 55 multiparous) and their lambs in 2 periods of the year. On the basis of the average length of parturition and the black globe temperature-humidity index (BGTHI) at the time of the birth, the ewes were grouped into 3 classes corresponding to the length of parturition, classified as short (less than 15 min), medium (between 15 and 30 min), or long (more than 30 min). Similarly, the BGTHI at the moment of birth was classified into 1 of 3 ranges: low (less than 65), intermediate (greater than 65 but less than 80), and high (greater than 80). For the characterization of mother-offspring behavior, evaluations were performed in the first 2 h after birth or until the moment of the first suckling of the newborn. Maternal factors such as maternal grooming, facilitating sucking, frequency of low-pitched bleats, and latency to groom were recorded. For the lamb, attempts to seek the udder, the frequency of low-pitched bleats, latency to first reaction, latency to stand, and latency to suckle were recorded. The lambs were slower (P < 0.05) to stand and suckle when they were born in conditions of a BGTHI below 65. The latencies to stand and suckle were greater (P < 0.05) in newborn lambs born during labor that took more than 30 min. For maternal behaviors, activities such as maternal grooming and the facilitation of suckling were greater (P < 0.05) during the time periods with higher bioclimatic index values. Moreover, the dams cleaned or licked (maternal grooming) the newborns for a lower percentage of time (P < 0.05) when the labor lasted longer than 30 min. From the present study, it can be concluded that newborn Morada Nova lambs are slower to stand and suckle when born under BGTHI conditions below 65. Furthermore, prolonged labor harms the mother-offspring bond, especially in terms of the dam's ability to clean (maternal grooming) her lamb's body and facilitate its first suckling.
RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade econômica do confinamento de ovinos alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes fontes volumosas. Foram utilizados 21 ovinos machos Santa Inês, não castrados, distribuídos em três tratamentos: silagem de milho (SM); palma forrageira associada ao bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BC); palma forrageira associada ao feno de Tifton 85 (FT) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foi avaliada a viabilidade econômica e os parâmetros produtivos dos ovinos em cada dieta ofertada. Os ovinos do tratamento FT tiveram maior (P<0,05) ganho em peso, melhor conversão alimentar e menor custo de produção. Os ovinos alimentados com SM apresentaram o pior (P<0,05) desempenho e os maiores custos de produção. Os ovinos alimentados com BC não diferiram (P>0,05) quanto ao desempenho produtivo dos demais tratamentos. Os custos superaram a receita resultando em rentabilidade negativa para as dietas testadas. A terminação em confinamento, com dietas a base de silagem de milho, feno de Tifton 85 associada à palma ou bagaço de cana associada à palma, apresenta alto custo de produção e inviabiliza a atividade.Palavras-chave: custos de produção, feno de Tifton 85, palma forrageira, silagem de milho, confinamento. ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF THE USE OF DIFFERENT ROUGHAGE SOURCES IN SHEEP FEEDLOT DIETSABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic viability of feedlotting sheep fed diets containing different roughage sources. Twenty-one uncastrated male Santa Ines sheep were assigned to three treatments in a completely randomized design: corn silage (CS); forage palm combined with sugarcane bagasse (SB), and forage palm combined with Tifton 85 hay (TH). Economic viability and productive parameters of the animals were evaluated in each treatment. Animals of treatment TH had higher weight gain, better feed conversion, and lower productions costs (P<0.05). The worst performance and highest productions costs were observed for sheep fed CS (P<0.05). Sheep fed SB did not differ (P>0.05) in productive performance from the other treatments. The costs exceeded the revenue, resulting in negative profit for the diets tested. The high production costs of feedlot finishing using diets based on corn silage or palm combined with Tifton 85 hay or sugarcane bagasse make this activity unfeasible.
O colla corii asini ou donkey-hide gelatin ou ejiao é uma gelatina obtida do colágeno da pele de jumentos, utilizado há milhares de anos com diversas finalidades na medicina tradicional chinesa. A demanda pelo ejiao, misturado a ervas e outros ingredientes da medicina chinesa, aumentou devido a ascensão econômica da população chinesa em geral. As peles de jumentos oriundas de países como o Quirguistão, o Brasil e o México seguem para a China para a produção do Ejiao. Nessa cadeia extrativista a África é o território mais afetado, tanto no número de animais abatidos quanto no impacto social e econômico. Este trabalho é um levantamento prospectivo de patentes sobre inovações e descobertas do uso terapêutico do ejiao. A pesquisa foi realizada em três bases de patentes e a partir destas foram recuperados o total de 1837 documentos sobre tecnologias que fazem uso do ejiao. Analisando a trajetória temporal das publicações na área, observa-se que as invenções tiveram início na década de 90 e atingiram seu ápice no ano de 2015, contudo observou-se uma recaída nos anos seguintes, a suposição é de que o declínio tenha sido ocasionado pela redução populacional dos asininos na China e nos países fornecedores de outras regiões do mundo, além não existência da cadeia produtiva de pele de jumentos.
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