This paper presents test results of thirty-two OPSC (Oil Palm Shell Concrete) cubes cast with OPS (Oil Palm Shell) under different treatment condition and with different cement content. The study concludes that OPSC cast using fully treated (Wash-Dry-Sieve) OPS yields the highest compressive strength, an increase of 65% in comparison with using untreated OPS. The increase in strength can be attributed to 1) Removal of residual oil on OPS surface via washing with detergent, mass 2% of the dry OPS mass, and 2) Removal of sub-2mm particles in OPS via sieving comprising of soil and OPS fibres. OPSC can develop compressive strength at a higher rate with washing, drying and sieving treatment performed on OPS compared with concrete cast with untreated OPS.
Stabilising piles have been proven as an effective slope stabilization approach. This study aims to investigate the optimal location of stabilising pile for an embankment slope with a surcharge loading at crest. A series of finite element analyses were performed to determine the optimal location of the pile with considerations of varying slope gradients. An additional analysis was performed to compare the factor of safety computed from the present 2D analysis with the previous 3D analysis. The results showed that the introduction of the stabilising pile could effectively minimise the deformed soil mass and slip surface, with the greatest improvement recorded for the embankment of 1.5V:1H gradient. The optimal pile location was found to be at the middle of the slope. The pile influence zone (Wpile ) obtained from the present numerical study showed reasonably good agreement with previous results of centrifuge experiments. Based on the comparison of factor of safety computed from the present 2D analysis with a previous 3D analysis, the 2D analysis generally yielded a more conservative FOS (about 20% lower) than the more rigorous 3D analysis because of the absence of soil arching effect. As conclusions, it is recommended to install piles at the middle of slope to yield the most favourable slope stabilization effect. A simple 2D analysis can be used to analyse the problem of pile stabilised embankment with a slightly more conservative FOS was expected than the rigorous 3D analysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.