The researchconducted by us has enabled us to analyze the influence of relaxingsplintson the chewing muscles’ condition of patients with dualfunction and to study the dynamics of the changes EMG-activity of their chewing muscles.
Currently, titanium plates and screws are widely used to fix bone fragments in maxillofacial surgery. The need for a second operation to remove the metal structure increases the patient's incapacity for work, the economic costs of treatment and the psychoemotional load on the patient associated with anxiety and additional stress. All this has led to the emergence of an alternative method of osteosynthesis using biodegradable plates and screws, which do not have these disadvantages. With all the positive properties of titanium fixators in recent years there has been a large number of publications on the increase in complications after metal osteosynthesis (MOS) using titanium bone plates and screws, which is from 5 to 18 %, therefore, there is a need to remove them after consolidation of bone fragments. The results of the study were the basis for finding ways to obtain the material without metal defect, from which it would be possible to make fixator in the form of plates and screws for the osteosynthesis in maxillofacial region. It was developed biodegradable material of bioactive action (EPU-GAP-LEV) based on polyurethane composition which contains 20 % hydroxyapatite, and 6 % levamisole for osteosynthesis fixator. It was proved effectiveness of EPU-GAP-LEV fixators for osteosynthesis in the treatment of the patients with fractures and deformations of facial skull. Positive results of own clinical researches in early and long terms testified to efficiency and perspective of use of polymeric (including EPU-GAP-LEV) miniplasts in surgical treatment of fractures of facial skull with shift.
the pathology of dental crowding in mixed dentition period is one of the most common in orthodontic practice. Its prevalence, according to various worldwide scientific sources, reaches 77% and occurs at all stages of the formation of the dentognathic system, sometimes complicating the existing malocclusion. The purpose of our study is to create a rational treatment protocol for patients with dental crowding according to the facial skeleton growth pattern, as well as to conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of dental crowding treatment according to standard and suggested protocol. A three-year study at NMU O.O. Bogomolets Medical Center of patients with dental crowding in mixed dentition period(164 people).A total of 328 CBCT slices before and after treatment of patients with crowded teeth were submitted to the overall analysis. The results and conclusions of treatment efficiency analysis were carried out using the proposed treatment protocol with different facial skeleton growth patterns indicate an increase in the quality of treatment of this pathology and a reduction in treatment terms to achieve the result. The results obtained after 16 months in patients with a horizontal type of growth indicate that the effectiveness of the treatment of CG II patients reached 68.1±1.3%;after 17 months, in patients with a vertical and neutral growth patterns, the effectiveness of treatment of CG III reached 76.7±1.6%, CG I – up to 62.3±0.7%. The algorithm proposed by us allows to shorten the treatment period by 3-4 months.
The prevalence of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), especially in people aged 18-65 years, reached 95-98% among all dental applications. The course of the pathology is usually hidden, with periodic recurrences, and has a long nature, which is accompanied by a decrease in overall quality of life. Treatment of this pathology of the TMJ is a set of complex therapeutic, orthopedic and psychological measures. The literature describes many ways to treat TMJ dysfunction, and one of the modern ones is the use of occlusal splints, which enables to change the position of the mandible, diagnose and eliminate musculoskeletal dysfunction of the TMJ. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment of musculoskeletal dysfunction of the TMJ with occlusal splints according to axiography. Material and methods. 274 patients aged 18 to 65 years were diagnosed with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain syndrome before and after treatment.Results. All patients with signs of TMJ dysfunction before treatment had a violation of the trajectory of the mandible (deviation – 68.7%, dyslexia – 31.3%). When opening and closing the mouth, asymmetrical shifts of the lower jaw to the sides of more than 2 mm (deviation from the midline – more than 2 mm) were observed. After treatment with occlusal splints there was an improvement in the trajectory of opening and closing the mouth: the number of patients with a violation of the trajectory decreased by 89.1%, and the displacement of the mandible during opening and closing the mouth in 92.4% of patients decreased on average to 0, 9 mm. When analyzing the movements of the mandible in the sagittal plane in 79 % of cases, deviations of the trajectory of the mandible were detected. After treatment with occlusive muscle relaxation splints, elimination of violations of the trajectory of the mandible in the transverse plane was noted in 93.4% of cases, reduction of displacement to 0.9 mm in 78.1% of patients. Сonclusions. The trajectory of the mandible in the sagittal plane improved in 80.1% of patients, normalization of the position of the mandible relative to the neuromuscular trajectory was achieved in 93.4% of clinical cases. According to the analysis of parameters, such treatment should be considered effective.
Electromyographic substantiation of feasibility of application of myorelaxing tires of EXOCAD technology in the treatment of tempoal-mandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Our study allowed us to trace and analyze changes in the chewing muscles of patients that occur during the treatment of TMJ dysfunction and indicate its effectiveness. In patients with TMJ dysfunction, qualitative and quantitative indicators of electromyography closely correlate with the stages of development of pathology and correspond to its clinical manifestations. In this study, for the first time, the relationship between changes in the parameters of the frequency of muscle contractions and the subjective sensation of pain in the area of the specified chewing muscle in patients was analyzed. The purpose of this study is comparative analysis of the nature and degree of changes in electromyographic activity of the main and auxiliary chewing muscles in patients with TMJ dysfunction before and after the use of myorelaxing spleen. TMJ dysfunction five-year study covered 274 patients, which were divided into 3 clinical groups (CG I–III). The general analysis provided 1024 electromyograms before and at the stages of patients’ treatment. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of myorelaxation tires in the treatment of TMJ dysfunction can improve the quality of treatment of this pathology in patients. The results obtained after 12 months indicate that the effectiveness of treatment of patients with CG I (with the lowest intensity of symptoms of TMJ dysfunction) reached 89.1±1.3%; CG II – up to 78.3±1.3%; CG III – 77.3±1.3%.
Keywords: electromyography, dysfuction, temporomate-mandibular joint, chewing muscles, facial muscles, bioelectrical activity.
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