The reorientational dynamics of dipoles in poly(vinylidene
fluoride)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PVDF/PMMA) blends were investigated by dielectric spectroscopy.
Measurements were performed
over a wide range of temperature and frequency, and previously
unavailable results are reported. Various
relaxation processes were identified and their locations assigned to
the different morphological regions
in PVDF, PMMA, and PVDF/PMMA blends. The development of a
relaxation process associated with
the imperfections in the crystalline phase was recorded both in pure
PVDF and in crystalline blends.
An amorphous interphase and a liquid-like amorphous phase are
present in pure PVDF, but their
relaxation dynamics are dielectrically indistinguishable,
giving rise to a single non-Arrhenius relaxation
mechanism. In the crystalline blends, however, the interphase is
devoid of PMMA, and its relaxation
dynamics are readily distinguishable from those of the
PVDF/PMMA miscible phase. Interestingly, the
relaxation dynamics in the interphase were found to vary as a function
of blend composition. Since the
relaxation processes are governed by cooperativity, an explanation of
our findings is offered in terms of
the interactive nature of the relaxation process.
The solubility of poly(ethyl oxazoline) in aqueous solutions was studied. The cloud point temperatures decreased in the presence of sodium chloride but increased by the addition of tetrabutylammonium bromide or dioxane. Solution‐cast films of blends of the polymer and poly(acrylic acid) were miscible, but mutual precipitation occurred in water, methanol, and dioxane. The compositions of the complexes correspond in most cases to simple molar ratios of the interacting groups. The glass transition temperatures of the complexes are higher than the values for blends of the same compositions, and the high values are attributed to hydrogen bonds acting as physical crosslinks. Complex formation also occurs when the polymer is mixed with a styrene‐acrylic acid copolymer and with low weight polymers containing phenol groups.
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