The purpose of the present study was to compare the 24-hour recovery of red blood cells stored for 9 weeks in a hypoosmolar additive solution containing 150 mM glycerol to cells stored in Adsol®. Seven units of packed red cells were split into 2 aliquots. To one sample, 100 ml of the experimental additive solution (EAS 25) was added, and to the other, 50 ml of Adsol. At the end of the storage period the cells were labeled with 5lCr. A double chromium technique was used to make it possible to perform comparative autologous studies in the same donor. The 24-hour 51 Cr recovery value for EAS 25 was 73.0±(SD) 4.2% and for Adsol 60.9±7.1. At 9 weeks the adenosine triphosphate levels were not significantly better compared to Adsol but the other in vitro measurements were better. New approaches to the study of red cell preservation are suggested.
Previous studies have demonstrated that an additive solution containing ammonium chloride (NH(4)^+) and phosphate (Pi) in addition to adenine, glucose and mannitol would support red blood cell (RBC) in vitro characteristics and in vivo 24- hour viability after storage for 9 weeks. The purpose of the present study was to determine if NH(4)^+ generated by the action of glutaminase on glutamine could be substituted for added NH(4)^+ salts. Packed RBCs were stored with equal volumes of adenine, glucose, mannitol, and citrate containing additive solutions with 10 mM glutamine (EAS 31) or with 10 mM glutamine and either 10 (EAS 36) or 20 mM (EAS 37) Pi. One aliquot was stored with Adsol®. The mean ATP levels of the RBCs stored in the glutamine plus phosphate EASs were 132 (10 mM Pi) and 144% (20 mA/Pi) of the initial levels at 28 days, and at 84 days remained at 48 and 56%, respectively. The ATP levels of the RBC stored in Adsol were 105 and 25% at 28 and 84 days of storage, respectively. Percentage hemolysis and vésiculation was significantly lower (p<0.01) for RBCs stored in glutamine and glutamine plus phosphate as compared to RBCs stored in Adsol. The levels of NEB were 22 to 34% higher in the EASs than in Adsol at the end of 84 days of storage, suggesting that glutamine is broken down by glutaminase to generate NH(4)^+ The mean corpuscular volumes (MCVs) of RBCs in EASs 36 and 37 were substantially higher than in Adsol throughout the course of storage (p < 0.01 ). Elowever, the MCVs in the additive containing glutamine and no Pi were higher only for 42 days.
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