No abstract

No abstract

Trends in enhancing production of oils and solid hydrocarbons are examined: optimization of crystallization of solid hydrocarbons, use of surfactants and ultrasound.Processes for production of low-pour oils and high-melting solid hydrocarbons are some of the most laborious and expensive in the continuous oil block scheme. For this reason, the search for methods to enhance these processes is pressing. The efficiency of operation of dewaxing and Deoiling unit is determined to a great degree by the crystallization regime [1, 2].Research [3][4][5] has been conducted at I. M. Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, in the Department of Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants and Chemmotology for many years to optimize the regimes for low-temperature dewaxing and Deoiling in solvents of different natures and composition (determination of the ketone content in the solvent, ratio and method of feeding the solvent) and enhancing these processes by using surfactants and ultrasound.In determining the optimum content of ketone mixed with toluene, it was found that it should be 27-30 vol. % when using acetone or 40-55 vol. % when using methyl ethyl ketone. Increasing the proportion of ketone above the optimum decreases the yield of oil, and decreasing it worsens the filterability of the suspension.Preference in a ketone-aromatic solvent should be given to methyl ethyl ketone, since the range of its optimum content in a mixture with an aromatic solvent is wider.The degree of dilution of the feedstock by the solvent significantly affects crystallization of solid hydrocarbons, which causes the accuracy and rate of separation of low-and high-melting components. It was found that the first portion of solvent should be added at positive temperatures (20-30°C) and the remaining solvent should be added at negative temperatures (-15 to -20°C). The cooling rate of the suspension should be minimum in formation of crystals.Surfactants -structure modifiers -significantly affect crystallization of solid hydrocarbons [1].Concentrated on the phase interface, they form very thin layers that change the molecular nature and properties of the surfaces. Primarily resins are adsorbed on an energetically inhomogeneous surface of arising crystallization centers consisting of high-melting paraffins and naphthenes due to the strongly developed hydrocarbon part of their molecules.The metal-containing additives MASK, AFK, ASK, etc., and fractions of solid hydrocarbons are used as structure modifiers. Incorporation of the modifier in the concentration of 0.001-0.1 wt. % increases the yield of oil by 2-4 wt. % and the filtration rate by 1.5-2 times, and reduces the oil content in the solid phase by 2-3 times.

No abstract

No abstract