JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and Brogan & Partners are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Environmental Health Perspectives.The combined effect of substances with a unidirectional toxic action was studied with the use of several chlorinated hydrocarbons, including 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3trichloropropane, and perchlorethylene at various concentrations. The results of the study can be used as the basis for the development of methodological approaches to the study of the combined action of toxic substances administered by inhalation.The research plan also incorporated the problem of explaining the nature ot the action of the mixture of the test compounds in acute, subacute, and chronic animal experiments. All of the studies were conducted with each compound alone and then in various combinations by using the concentration-time relationship, since a correct evaluation of the combined action of compounds can be obtained by comparing these with the effects observed for the action of each component alone.A graphic representation was obtained of the onset time for a given effect (loss of righting reflex for 50% of the animals) as a function of the active concentrations for the shortterm effect of high concentrations of 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, and perchloroethylene based on the concentration-time relationship. The nature of the combined action of various combinations (two and three substances) with respect to concentration was studied by using these graphs.At high concentrations, the action of various combinations of the studied substances is additive. An inverse relationship was discovered in subacute experiments between the inactive concentrations and the onset time for changes in the vital activity indices of an organism: the lower the concentration, the later the changes.Additional data were obtained as the result of morphofunctional studies on the toxic properties of the studied compounds, on damage reactions and on adaptational changes. This is of interest from the point of view of explaining the mechanism of action at various concentrations. Ever-increasing development of industry,In reality, man is not exposed to isolated subagriculture and transportation produces unavoidastances, but to mixtures of substances, and ble pollution of atmospheric air by multicompo-therefore study of the effect of the environment on nent mixtures of chemical compounds. organisms must begin with the analysis of the effect of individual factors with subsequent study of their combinations.
The combined effect of substances with a unidirectional toxic action was studied with the use of several chlorinated hydrocarbons, including 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, and perchlorethylene at various concentrations. The results of the study can be used as the basis for the development of methodological approaches to the study of the combined action of toxic substances administered by inhalation. The research plan also incorporated the problem of explaining the nature of the action of the mixture of the test compounds in acute, subacute, and chronic animal experiments. All of the studies were conducted with each compound alone and then in various combinations by using the concentration--time relationship, since a correct evaluation of the combined action of compounds can be obtained by comparing these with the effects observed for the action of each component alone. A graphic representation was obtained of the onset time for a given effect (loss of righting reflex for 50% of the animals) as a function of the active concentrations for the short-term effect of high concentrations of 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, and perchloroethylene based on the concentration--time relationship. The nature of the combined action of various combinations (two and three substances) with respect to concentration was studied by using these graphs. At high concentrations, the action of various combinations of the studied substances is additive. An inverse relationship was discovered in subacute experiments between the inactive concentrations and the onset time for changes in the vital activity indices of an organism: the lower the concentration, the later the changes. Additional data were obtained as the result of morphofunctional studies on the toxic properties of the studied compounds, on damage reactions and on adaptational changes. This is of interest from the point of view of explaining the mechanism of action at various concentrations.ImagesFIGURE 1.FIGURE 2.FIGURE 4.FIGURE 5.
The combined action of substances having a munidirectional toxic effect on the organism was studied for several typical chlorine derivatives of hydrocarbons (1,2-dichloropropane, 1,2,3,-trichloropropane, and perchloroethylene). Since a correct assessment of the combined action of substances is based on the comparison of the effect of mixed compounds and the effects observed for each component alone, research was conducted on each individual substances on the basis of the "concentration--time" relationship. The reaction of several mixtures of substances was also studied at various concentration levels, from high to low concentration levels of substances which are actually present in the atmosphere. Research result showed that the character of the mixture at both high and low levels of concentration was identical and approximate to the overall effects.ImagesFIGURE 4.FIGURE 5.FIGURE 6.FIGURE 7.FIGURE 8.FIGURE 9.
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