Microscopically visible crystallization in a typical non-crystallizing organic polymer -poly(viny1 chloride) (PVC) is achieved by dissolving it in an appropriate solvent (cyclohexanonc) and inducing the nuclcation by introducing various insoluble crystallization cores -microcrystals of noble metals (Au, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir, Ru, 0 s ) . It is established that the higher the melting temperature of the metal the higher its activity as a crystallization core in the heterogeneous nucleation of PVC.The reverse process-oriented crystallization of a foreign substance -NaCl crystals on PVC films is also demonstrated. This result gives an indication of precrystalline structures in seemingly amorphous PVC films.Die mikroskopisch sichtbare Kristallization eines orgdnischen Hochpolymers -Poly(vinylch1orid) (PVC), welches wegen seiner besondcrs stark ausgepragten Kristallizatjonstragheit bekannt ist, wird erreicht, indem das Polymer in einem gceignetem Losungsmittel (Cyclohexanon) gelost wird und die Kcimbildung durch die Einfuhrung von Kristallisationsinitiatoren-Mikrokristallen von Au und der Platinmetalle (Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir, Ru, 0s) erzwungen wird. Es erweist sich, daR die die Kristallisation katalysierende Wirkung von Au zu 0 s simbat mit wachscnder Schmelztemperatur der entsprcchenden Metalle anwachst. Der umgekehrte ProzeB des oricntierten Kristallisationsaufwachscns von NaCl auf dunnen PVC Filmen wird auch demonstriert. Dies weist auf cine vorkristalline Ordnung in den amorphen Filmen hin.
We have investigated variations in mechanical properties such as tensile strength and specific elongation as well as the variations in electrical properties such as the dielectric loss angle, permitivity and surface resistivity of PVC sheets of various thicknesses exposed during 2 4 months in weathering and up to 400 h in a Xenotest-1200. Using the test data, an evaluation of the influence of the scale coefficfent durtnq ageing was achieved. The test data showed that lower variations in the investigated properties were seen in the case of the thicker sheets. After various ageing periods a correlation between the surface roughness, mechanical and electrical properties could be seen. More important variations could be seen during the ageing period ranging from 50 h to 6 months. Speculations were made about the reasons causing the variations observed in the properties of PVC sheets during ageing.
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