A quantum memory for light is a key element for the realization of future quantum information networks 1-3. Requirements for a good quantum memory are versatility (allowing a wide range of inputs) and preservation of quantum information in a way unattainable with any classical memory device. Here we demonstrate such a quantum memory for continuousvariable entangled states, which play a fundamental role in quantum information processing 4-6. We store an extensive alphabet of two-mode 6.0 dB squeezed states obtained by varying the orientation of squeezing and the displacement of the states. The two components of the entangled state are stored in two room-temperature cells separated by 0.5 m, one for each mode, with a memory time of 1 ms. The true quantum character of the memory is rigorously proved by showing that the experimental memory fidelity 0.52 ± 0.02 significantly exceeds the benchmark of 0.45 for the best possible classical memory for a range of displacements. The continuous-variable regime represents one of the principal avenues towards the realization of quantum information processing and communication 4-6. In the optical domain it operates with well-known optical modulation and detection techniques and allows for deterministic quantum operations. In the atomic domain it has been developed on the platform of atomic ensembles 2,3,7. Advances in the realization of continuous-variable quantum protocols include unconditional quantum teleportation involving light 8 and atoms 9 , a number of results on memory 2,3,10,11 and quantum key distribution 12. Hybrid continuous/discrete-variable operations 13-15 paving the road towards continuous-variable quantum computation 16,17 have also been reported. However, the ability to store non-classical continuous-variable states of light is crucial to enable further progress, in particular, for continuous-variable linear optics quantum computing with offline resources 17 , continuous-variable quantum repeaters 18,19 , entanglement-enhanced quantum metrology, iterative continuousvariable entanglement distillation 20 , continuous-variable clusterstate quantum computation 21 , communication/cryptography protocols involving several rounds 22 and quantum illumination 23. Compared with a number of impressive results reporting discrete-variable quantum memories at the single-photon level (see reviews 1-3 and references therein), there have been very few experiments towards quantum memory for continuousvariable non-classical states. A fractional, 20 nsec, delay of 50 nsec pulsed continuous-variable entangled states in the atomic
We demonstrate spin squeezing in a room temperature ensemble of approximately 10(12) cesium atoms using their internal structure, where the necessary entanglement is created between nuclear and electronic spins of each individual atom. This state provides improvement in measurement sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit for quantum memory experiments and applications in quantum metrology and is thus a complementary alternative to spin squeezing obtained via interatom entanglement. Squeezing of the collective spin is verified by quantum state tomography.
Quantum teleportation is a key ingredient of quantum networks and a building block for quantum computation. Teleportation between distant material objects using light as the quantum information carrier has been a particularly exciting goal. Here we demonstrate a new element of the quantum teleportation landscape, the deterministic continuous variable (cv) teleportation between distant material objects. The objects are macroscopic atomic ensembles at room temperature. Entanglement required for teleportation is distributed by light propagating from one ensemble to the other. Quantum states encoded in a collective spin state of one ensemble are teleported onto another ensemble using this entanglement and homodyne measurements on light. By implementing process tomography, we demonstrate that the experimental fidelity of the quantum teleportation is higher than that achievable by any classical process. Furthermore, we demonstrate the benefits of deterministic teleportation by teleporting a dynamically changing sequence of spin states from one distant object onto another
Arrays of trapped atoms are the ideal starting point for developing registers comprising large numbers of physical qubits for storing and processing quantum information. One very promising approach involves neutral atom traps produced on microfabricated devices known as atom chips, as almost arbitrary trap configurations can be realised in a robust and compact package. Until now, however, atom chip experiments have focused on small systems incorporating single or only a few individual traps. Here we report experiments on a two-dimensional array of trapped ultracold atom clouds prepared using a simple magnetic-film atom chip. We are able to load atoms into hundreds of tightly confining and optically resolved array sites. We then cool the individual atom clouds in parallel to the critical temperature required for quantum degeneracy. Atoms are shuttled across the chip surface utilising the atom chip as an atomic shift register and local manipulation of atoms is implemented using a focused laser to rapidly empty individual traps. ‡ Present address:
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