An experiment lasting 73 days was carried out on 40 Black-and-White Lowland 7-day-old calves divided into 5 groups of 8. The animals received 8 kg of whole milk daily for 5 weeks, 6 kg in the 6th and 3 kg in 7th week with free access to concentrate mixture and meadow hay. After 7 weeks of the experiment the calves were fed only concentrate to appetite and 0.3-0.4 kg of meadow hay. This basic control diet was supplemented with wort without yeast and in the experimental groups with liquid cultures of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1026 or Saccharomyces carlsbergensis of the brewery strain SK-1, BS-Bratislava or wine strain T-81. All strains of yeast significantly stimulated amylolytic and proteolytic activity of the digesta in the duodenum, small intestine and ileum but not in the abomasum. Body weight gains of calves fed diets supplemented with SK-1 and B-Bratislava yeast were higher than in control or in groups supplemented with the other two yeast strains.
African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) is an important vegetable grown for it leaves and fruits in tropical regions. At Burkina Faso, Kumba group is widely used for food and traditional physic. It's also income source for majority population. Despite, its socioeconomic importance, there is a few scientific knowledge on its genetic diversity. The objective of this study is to evaluate genetic diversity of Kumba group. For this, a molecular characterization of forty-nine (49) accessions collected in the three climatic zones was carried out. The analysis of diversity used EST-SSRs molecular markers revealed moderate genetic variability within the collection, structured into three molecular groups. Indeed, 19 of the 29 markers tested were polymorphic. Expected heterozygosity (H e ) for the all collection ranged from 0.075 for smSSR41 marker to 0.507 for smSSR27 and smSSR35 markers. The Shannon diversity index (I), it ranged from 0.163 for smSSR41 marker to 1.307 for smSSR09 marker. The organization of this genetic diversity is weakly influenced by the climatic zone.
Genetic diversity is the basis of plant breeding. This study aims to determine the level and the organization of the genetic diversity within spider plant genetic resources in Burkina Faso, using ten (10) polymorphic markers Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). A total of 40 alleles were identified with an average of 4 alleles per locus and 2.919 effective alleles. The expected heterozygosity and the Shannon's diversity index were respectively 0.279 and 1.695. The analysis of the structuration of the genetic diversity allowed identifying three significantly different groups. These results revealed a relatively low diversity. Although the variations between the cultivated and spontaneous accessions are weak, they indicate a beginning of organization of genetic diversity according to the selection.
Corchorus olitorius is an indigenous leafy vegetable which is widely consumed in Africa and Asia. In order to investigate agronomic practices, agromorphologic diversity and ethanobotanic knowledge of producer, present study has been carried out in the four agro-climatic zones of Burkina Faso. During this study, total 178 accessions were collected, among these 111 accessions were characterized on the basis of 17 well identified qualitative (5) and quantitative (12) characteristics. Results of study revealed that most of the identification characteristics and terminology used for identification of C. olitorius is based on the visible phenotypic characteristics. T wo most common morphotypes which was identified during the study was " bulvank yanga" and " bulvank moaga or bulvank raogo". All the identified 111 accessions were divided in four groups. Among these groups 1 have eighteen accessions (18) which were characterized by poor performing and late growing individuals with weak stem and leaves outputs. While groups 2 and 3 are rep resented by 33 and 42 accessions respectively these were characterized by individuals with average performance. Group 4 is made up of eighteen (18) accessions, characterized by individuals with cycle precocious semi-flowering and very high morphological performances (PEL, FWL, FWS and DIS
Objectif général : Contribuer à une meilleure connaissance de Senna obtusifolia (L.) au Burkina Faso. Objectifs spécifiques : recenser les connaissances endogènes relatives à la nomenclature de la plante, recenser les connaissances endogènes relatives à l’usage de la plante, collecter la semence de Senna obtusifolia. Méthodologie et résultats : La prospection-collecte menée, a permis de noter la présence de Senna obtusifolia (Casse fétide) dans toute la zone d’étude et de récolter 132 accessions. L’enquête ethnobotanique a permis de collecter des connaissances endogènes relatives à la plante. L’unité d’enquête a été le ménage. Quatorze ethnies ont été rencontrées au sein de 237ménages enquêtés. Des phénomènes de synonymie, d’utilisation du même nom par deux ou plusieurs groupes ethniques et de noms inexpliqués ont été observés. L’espèce est aussi bien utilisée dans l’alimentation que dans la médecine. Elle est également une source de revenus pour la population locale. Conclusion et application des résultats : Nombreuses connaissances endogènes relatives à l’espèce ont été recueillies au sein de la population locale. Ces connaissances endogènes serviront de guide pour la valorisation de l’espèce. Les 132 accessions récoltées serviront à d’autres études telles la caractérisation agromorphologique, la caractérisation physico-chimique et la caractérisation génétique moléculaire afin de mieux comprendre sa diversité, la conserver et mieux valoriser l’espèce. La présente étude permettra donc de poser des bases scientifiques de la conservation, de la valorisation et de l’amélioration génétique de l’espèce. Mots clés : Senna obtusifolia, connaissances endogènes, enquête ethnobotanique, Burkina Faso. Nacambo et al., J. Appl. Biosci. Vol :160 2021 Nomenclature locale et usages de Senna obtusifolia (L.) au Burkina Faso. 16439 Local nomenclature and uses of Senna obtusifolia (L.) in Burkina Faso. ABSTRACT General objective: To contribute to a better knowledge of Senna obtusifolia (L.) in Burkina Faso. Specific objectives: to identify the endogenous knowledge related to the nomenclature of the plant, to identify the endogenous knowledge related to the use of the plant, to collect the seed of Senna obtusifolia. Methodology and results: The survey and collection allowed noting the presence of Senna obtusifolia (Casse fétide) in the studied area and to collect 132 accessions. The ethnobotanical survey allowed the collection of endogenous knowledge related to the plant. The survey unit was the household. Fourteen ethnic groups were encountered in the 237 households surveyed. Phenomena of synonymy, use of the same name by two or more ethnic groups and unexplained names were observed. The species is used in food as well as in medicine. It is also a source of revenues for the local population. Conclusion and application of results: A lot of endogenous knowledge about the species was collected from the local population. This endogenous knowledge will serve as a guide for the development of the species. The 132 accessions collected will be used for other studies such as agromorphological characterization, physico-chemical characterization and molecular genetic characterization in order to better understand its diversity, conserve it and better valorize the species. The present study will thus allow to establish scientific bases for the conservation, the valorisation and the genetic improvement of the species. Keywords: Senna obtusifolia, endogenous knowledge, ethnobotanical study, Burkina Faso.
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