This paper deals with metal oxides/carbon black (MOs/CB) composites and their influence on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. It is shown that the developed synthesis method can be used to form the nanosized metal oxide coating on the surface of the carbon carrier. The SEM and DLS data demonstrate that the particle size for the MOs/CB catalysts ranges from 200 to 500 nm. The XRD analysis has revealed that the bivalent copper and nickel oxides are formed on the surface of the carbon support. The DSC study on the effect of MOs/CB on the thermolysis of ammonium perchlorate shows that the MOs/CB catalysts contribute to a lowering in the peak temperatures of the low and high temperature AP decomposition stages. It has also been found that bioxide MOs / CB catalysts are more efficient in this case than monoxide catalysts. The evaluation of mass spectrometry results for the decomposition products of AP formed in the presence of carbonbased mono-and bioxide catalysts makes it possible to conclude that the carbon base of metal oxide catalysts causes the low-temperature AP decomposition to proceed deep in the composite. MOs/CB catalysts, in turn, ensure a more complete decomposition of ammonium perchlorate followed by the formation of a greater number of oxidized and reduced forms of low molecular weight composites. It has been established that, for bioxide MOs/CB catalysts, the amount of chlorine formed exceeds the corresponding value for pure AP by more than ~4 times.
Segmented poly(urethaneureas) (SPUUs) modified with low glass transition temperature chemically inert liquids are of interest due to their controllable properties and potential applications under various environmental conditions. Investigation into the influence of plasticizers on the properties of SPUUs based on oligotetramethyleneoxide diol (polytetramethyleneoxide), oligopropyleneoxide diol (polypropyleneoxide), 2,4toluenediisocyanate, Ethacure-300, and methylene-bis-o-chloroaniline was conducted. Partial crystallization of polytetramethyleneoxide segments was identified during cooling of some SPUU samples plasticized by di-(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate (DEHS) and tributyl phosphate. Polypropyleneoxide segments did not crystallize under the same conditions. A low crystallization temperature for the amorphous component of the polymer matrix in SPUU (À100 C to 103 C) was attained at a molecular mass (M n) of soft segments equal to 2000 g mol À1 and a DEHS concentration equal to 40-45%. A relationship between the mechanical properties of plasticized SPUU, microphase segregation, and dilution of the polymer matrix was found. For the first time, the effect of dilution with plasticizer on the strength of elastomers was considered. The plasticization effect on the mechanical properties of SPUU was investigated in the temperature diapason from 50 C to À70 C. The results of these investigations can be used in various technologies including the design of SPUUs with high elastic properties at temperatures as low as À70 C, typical of extreme conditions of the Arctic climate.
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