This paper deals with metal oxides/carbon black (MOs/CB) composites and their influence on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. It is shown that the developed synthesis method can be used to form the nanosized metal oxide coating on the surface of the carbon carrier. The SEM and DLS data demonstrate that the particle size for the MOs/CB catalysts ranges from 200 to 500 nm. The XRD analysis has revealed that the bivalent copper and nickel oxides are formed on the surface of the carbon support. The DSC study on the effect of MOs/CB on the thermolysis of ammonium perchlorate shows that the MOs/CB catalysts contribute to a lowering in the peak temperatures of the low and high temperature AP decomposition stages. It has also been found that bioxide MOs / CB catalysts are more efficient in this case than monoxide catalysts. The evaluation of mass spectrometry results for the decomposition products of AP formed in the presence of carbonbased mono-and bioxide catalysts makes it possible to conclude that the carbon base of metal oxide catalysts causes the low-temperature AP decomposition to proceed deep in the composite. MOs/CB catalysts, in turn, ensure a more complete decomposition of ammonium perchlorate followed by the formation of a greater number of oxidized and reduced forms of low molecular weight composites. It has been established that, for bioxide MOs/CB catalysts, the amount of chlorine formed exceeds the corresponding value for pure AP by more than ~4 times.
A method for computational description of morphology of dispersive components' spatial structures in composites has been developed. The method is based on the calculation and comparison average values of the elongation coefficient (K e ), sinuosity coefficient (K s ), and fullness coefficient (K f ) for structures of the dispersed phase. Stationary systems such as composite oligodiene epoxide vulcanizate (PDI 3AK) as matrix with micro-dispersive aluminium powder and composite methyl methacrylate-styrene (PMMAS) as matrix with magnetite Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were investigated by SEM and AFM, respectively. Time behavior of micro-dispersive carbon black in dynamic system comprised of polydivinylisoprene oligomer (PDI) as the matrix was studied by optical microscopy. The obtained results by method for computational description of morphology had showed universality of the method and enabled ascertaining quantitative correlations describing shapes of certain particles of the filler and morphology of spatial structure under formation. Dependence of form coefficients on the time was determined. This dependence enables studying kinetics of structure formation.
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