To determine whether the reduced blood lactate concentrations [La] during submaximal exercise in humans after endurance training result from a decreased rate of lactate appearance (Ra) or an increased rate of lactate metabolic clearance (MCR), interrelationships among blood [La], lactate Ra, and lactate MCR were investigated in eight untrained men during progressive exercise before and after a 9-wk endurance training program. Radioisotope dilution measurements of L-[U-14C]lactate revealed that the slower rise in blood [La] with increasing O2 uptake (VO2) after training was due to a reduced lactate Ra at the lower work rates [VO2 less than 2.27 l/min, less than 60% maximum VO2 (VO2max); P less than 0.01]. At power outputs closer to maximum, peak lactate Ra values before (215 +/- 28 mumol.min-1.kg-1) and after training (244 +/- 12 mumol.min-1.kg-1) became similar. In contrast, submaximal (less than 75% VO2max) and peak lactate MCR values were higher after than before training (40 +/- 3 vs. 31 +/- 4 ml.min-1.kg-1, P less than 0.05). Thus the lower blood [La] values during exercise after training in this study were caused by a diminished lactate Ra at low absolute and relative work rates and an elevated MCR at higher absolute and all relative work rates during exercise.
The relationship between team emotional intelligence (Team EI) of six cricket teams and their sports performance in a South African national cricket competition over two consecutive seasons was investigated. Team EI was based on cricketers measured prior to the start of the competition in each season using the MSCEIT ability test and averaged over all games for that season. This was correlated with a team sports performance measure, the final log points standing for the team at the end of a competition. The results showed that Team EI was positively associated with the sports performance of the cricket teams. Further, Team EI was shown to be a significant predictor of sports performance, with 61% of the variation in the log points explained. This finding suggests that EI may contribute to the success of teams participating in complex sports like cricket.
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