The network flow problem was first considered by Ford and Fulkerson[1] who introduced the basic concepts of flow, cut, etc. used here and provided the main tool, the maximum-flow minimum-cut theorem. Ford and Fulkerson wrote about the flow between two special points, the source and the sink. Mayeda [2] then took up the multi-terminal problem, where flows are considered between all pairs of nodes in a network, and Chien [3] discussed the synthesis of such a network. In this paper we continue with the multi-terminal problem, giving results on realizability, analysis, and synthesis. Although this paper is self-contained we will use throughout many of the notions of [1, 2, 3].We consider connected networks consisting of nodes N and branches *

LARGE BODY OF EVIDENCE supports a central role for lowering levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Randomized controlled trialshaveestablishedthatstatin-mediated reductions in LDL-C have a favorable effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events. 1-6 As a result, LDL-C lowering has become an integral component of therapeutic strategies in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. 7 In particular, the use of statins has become widespread. Recent studies have reported that highdosestatintherapyresultsinanincrementalbenefitcomparedwithamoderatelipidlowering strategy. 8-11 Some investigators havesuggestedthatstatinsalsohavepleiotropic properties, such as modulation of inflammationwithinthearterialwall,that maycontributetotheirbeneficialeffect. 12-14 Accordingly,mostauthoritiesandcurrent national guidelines emphasize reduction in LDL-C as the primary target for lipidlowering therapy.

In this analysis of the CHARISMA trial, the large number of patients with documented prior MI, ischemic stroke, or symptomatic PAD appeared to derive significant benefit from dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel plus aspirin. Such patients may benefit from intensification of antithrombotic therapy beyond aspirin alone, a concept that future trials will need to validate. (Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischemic Stabilization, Management, and Avoidance [CHARISMA]; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00050817?order=1; NCT00050817).

No abstract

This paper deals with a new sequencing problem in which n jobs with ordering restrictions have to be done by men of equal ability. Assume every man can do any of the n jobs. The two questions considered in this paper are (1) How to arrange a schedule that requires the minimum number of men so that all jobs are completed within a prescribed time T, and (2) if m men are available, arrange a schedule that completes all jobs at the earliest time.