Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare ultrasonography stages of the tibial tuberosity development and physical features. Methods Conclusions:Osgood-Schlatter pathogenesis reportedly involves increased quadriceps tightness with rapidly increasing femoral length during tibial tuberosity development. In this study, it was confirmed that quadriceps tightness increased, yet hamstring tightness decreased, suggesting that quadriceps tightness is not due to femoral length alone. Other factors, including muscle strength, may be involved.The study shows that thigh muscle tightness and thigh muscle performance change with the skeletal maturation of the distal attachment of the patellar tendon. These results add new information to the pathogenesis of Osgood-Schlatter disease.Level of evidence: III (Cross-sectional study)
Background Although a lot of reports have suggested that the core strength has an important role for the prevention of sports injuries, the relationship between core strength and balance ability is poorly documented. Objective The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between core strength and balance ability. Participants 119 healthy high school female players (age: 15–16 years, handball: 49 players, basketball: 70 players) were participated in this study. Main outcome measurements We measured endurance time of right side-bridge, left side-bridge and frontal-bridge as the core strength test (CST). To assess static balance, we used stabilometer and recorded the circumference area of the single leg standing position of 30 s. For the assessment of dynamic balance, we used star excursion balance test (SEBT). SEBT reach distances and limb lengths were examined, then the distance scores (cm) for each direction of the SEBT grid were averaged over the three trials and normalised to leg length (reach distance/leg length x 100=percentage of leg length). The normalised distances in each direction were then summed for both leg. We divided the players into three groups according to their CST score and compared them with the results of static balance and dynamic balance. Results No significant differences were found in body size among the three groups (p<0.05). The significant difference was not found with the static balance among the CST (p<0.05). In the dynamic balance, the players with good result of CST score had significantly better results of the SEBT in frontal-bridge and left side-bridge (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in right side-bridge. Conclusion This study showed that the core strength had certain relationship to the dynamic balance and may contribute to the prevention of sports injuries.
Background A 3-year prospective cohort study has been initiated in Japanese young female handball and basketball players to identify risk factors for non-contact ACL injuries. Although we examined the baseline data of the players at their first year of high school, it raises concern about the use of the individual baseline data as the characteristics of the players (might be identified as a risk factor) in cases where the players get injured during their senior year of high school. Objectives To compare the player's data examined at the first year and the senior year of high school. Design Case-control study. Participants 21 of 84 high school female players (handball: 4 players, basketball: 17 players) who participated in our prospective cohort study. Methods Body compositions, static balance (locus length per unit area examined by stabilometer), dynamic balance (star excursion balance test; SEBT), isokinetic hamstrings/quadriceps strength, isometric hipabduction strength, hamstrings flexibility, knee laxity (KT1000), navicular drop, generalized joint laxity (Beighton index), and psychological-competitive ability (DIPCA-3) were examined. Results Significantly better result of isokinetic hamstrings/quadriceps strength, isometric hip abduction strength, and hamstrings flexibility were found at the senior. Significantly lower result of navicular drop was found at the senior. No significant differences were found between the groups in body compositions, static and dynamic balance, and DIPCA-3. Generalized joint laxity in the senior was significantly higher level of the index than that at the first. Conclusions During two years after baseline evaluation, the players increased their hip and knee strength without matching increases of static and dynamic balance ability. Considering that even generalized joint laxity which assumed to be consistent had changed, careful interpretation is needed to use the baseline data as a risk factor in a prospective cohort study.
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