Ensuring a smooth flow of seed with a decrease in the number of injured seeds, a given instability of the total seeding, regardless of the forward speed of the sowing implement with the necessary distribution of seeds along the length and depth of the furrow, all these are the main tasks for modern sowing systems of sowing machines. Thus, we could come to the conclusion that the work devoted to improving the quality indicators of sowing agricultural crops with a seeder by developing a reel-to-reel sowing device with a four-section reel, the grooves of which are formed by the surface of rotation of the torus and are rotated relative to each other along a helical line, at an angle of 45 degrees, as well as a double-disc opener with a seed flow shaper for placing them on the bottom of the furrow is of great importance for the agro-industrial complex of Russia. The article deals with the improving the quality indicators of sowing crops by a planter equipped with reel seeding devices and four-section. the current research also presents and analyses the results of field experiments.
In recent years, more and more areas of agricultural land have been cultivated with the valuable non-traditional fodder crop galega, which perfectly combines high productivity with excellent fodder values and sustainable seed production, rationally uses agro-climatic conditions of the zone and increases soil fertility, and is valuable as a forecrop and a honey-bearing plant. The sowing material of the Eastern galega contains 50…95% of seeds with a hard shell. Seed hardness is explained by impermeability of seed shells to water and air. To increase the germinating capacity of seeds and reduce the norm of galega seeds sowing to 2.0 million/ha the sowing material of perennial leguminous fodder crop - Eastern galega should undergo pre-sowing treatment - scarification and seed inoculation. The construction and working principle of the developed technical means are presented: a scarifier SS-0,5 and an inoculator IS-1,0. The developed scarifier and inoculator of seeds of leguminous crops qualitatively perform the technological process of pre-sowing treatment of Eastern galega seeds. At optimum feed of 0.5 t/h and 1.0 t/h, the quality indicator of Eastern galega seed scarifying reaches 98.8 %, the completeness of inoculator treatment reaches 99.8 %, without seed damage that meets the agrotechnical requirements.
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