BackgroundLung cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, with high mortality rates. It can metastasize in almost all organs, but more often invades hilar nodes, liver, adrenal glands, bones and brain. There are various data on the incidence of lung cancer metastases in the skin. In 1-12% of patients with lung cancer are developed skin metastases. Metastases in the skin may be the first sign of lung cancer.Case presentationForty-five years old Albanian male, smoker, was admitted to our department with multiple nodules localized in the skin of the head, neck, back and chest. The nodules measuring 5–15 millimeters in greatest dimension were round and skin-colored, with telangiectasias, firm and tender. They appeared in an eruptive form about two weeks before being admitted at our hospital. In addition, the patient exhibited signs of weight loss, anorexia and fatigue.Excisional biopsy was performed to one of the lesions. Histopathology confirmed metastatic nature of the lesion namely, malignant tumor of neuroendocrine phenotype consistent with small-cell carcinoma.Chest X-ray and computed tomography revealed an expansive process in the 7th segment of the left lung, left hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy and a suspicious initial secondary deposit in the left adrenal gland. The patient was referred to the department of oncology for further treatment. After the third cycle of chemotherapy, the magnetic resonance imaging revealed brain metastases. The patient passed away four months after the diagnosis of lung cancer first presented with skin metastases.ConclusionsMetastases in skin may be the first sign of lung cancer. Although rare appearing, we should raise suspicion in cases of atypical lesions in the skin not only of the smokers, but also of the non-smokers. Skin metastases from small-cell lung carcinoma are a poor prognostic indicator. The appearance of multiple skin metastases with other internal metastases shorten the survival time.
BackgroundJuvenile xanthogranuloma is a rare disorder which may be present at birth, or appears in infancy. It can also occur in adults of all ages; appears with lesions that may be solitary or multiple nodules several millimeters in diameter. The predilection sites are head and neck, but it may occur on the extremities and trunk also. There can also be involved internal organs such as lung, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, etc. The most frequent extracutaneous location is the eye.Case presentationWe report a case of juvenile xanthogranuloma in a male child with onset in the fourth month of life. He presented with a nodule 8 millimeters in diameter, tan-orange in color, ulcerated in the centre, located on the left corner of the left eye. A biopsy without total excision was performed. After the biopsy, the nodule enlarged to 1.5 cm in diameter and became haemorrhagic. The histologic evaluation and immunohistochemistry analysis resulted in the diagnosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma. For aesthetic reasons the nodule was removed by surgical resection.ConclusionJuvenile xanthogranuloma is on a spectrum of histiocytic disorders, which is necessary to differentiate from maligniances in childhood by biopsy.
Erythema exsudativum multiforme is an immunologically mediated skin reaction or a reaction to viruses or bacteria (10), classified in the group of type-IV delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity. The minor form is localized on the skin and the mucosa are not involved (1, 9). The typical skin sign is herpes iris, or target lesions with a red to reddish-blue color. The localization of the changes occur in photo-exposed areas. The main causes are various drugs, food containing some additives, bacteria, especially streptococcus, and some viruses, such
Background: Malum perforans pedis is a chronic disease characterized by a punched out ulceration that may enlarge. The ulcer is localisated in a foot. It is a complication of the primary disease of the different origin that is always presented with a vaculopathies or neuropathies, and is common in diabetic patients. Malum perforans pedis appears in a sole of the foot and mostly occurs with no pain. The disease is mostly caused by the pressing of the underlain bone and a chronic trauma on a poor blood flow of the tissue. The treatment consists: on a treatment of the primary disease-vaculopathy and neuropathy; the local treatment includes treatment of the infection and the wound treatment through surgery and skin grafting. Case presentation: This paper presents a case of a 49 year old woman with the ulceration on a sole of the left foot that did appeared before four months. The patient claims that the changes began after wearing shoes that hurt her foot. The patient also claims that during the past year she had some signs of diabetes and the measure of the blood sugar shows high levels. The patient also gives interesting data that during the last few years she have had used cosmetics which contained mercury. Conclusions: Malum perforans pedis is a disease where the patient loses the feeling of pain and the chronic trauma causes the injury and following that during the time the defect in a skin enlarges and makes a trophic ulcer in a various size and form. It also depends on a microangiopathies due to diabetes and arteriosclerosis.
Derniatomycosis is a very important long-term disease. Different drugs are used for cure by local and/or oral way. Especially the patients prefer oral antimycotics as griseofulvin, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine because of the disease's zoonotic characteristic and long-term asking cure. Because of these drugs' hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic influences, researches for new ones are developed. Some vaccinations only used experimentally are also preferred in veterinary medicine. In this study, it is aimed to examine the immunotherapeutic effect of Biocan-M (Micanfin@) vaccination.The case of our study was a 1 year old female Persan race cat. Alopecia was present in the caudal, cranial, thoracal and pectoral areas. In the anamnesis, we learned that diffuse alopecia was present and no success was obtained at the end of a 2 weeks period cure with oral antimycotic use 3 weeks before. Dermatological samples were obtained from alopecic areas in order to prepare samples with KOH (5%) in which microscopically spores were seen around the hair shaft. In culture on Sabouraud glucose agar at 25°C Microsporunz canis could be identified. Before the treatment, haemogram parameters were found normal, Zn level was low and ALT level was found high.The cure of Biocan-M (Micanfin") was divided in two stages with a 21 days break and it was supported by vitamin complexes and Zn. After the cure, Zn level was found normal, diffuse alopecia was absent and lesions were lost.It is conluded that Biocan-M (Micanfin") vaccination once a year has a strong immunotherapeutic effect.Candida species have become important among the etiologic agents of the nasopharyngeal septicemia cases. It has been assumed that 10% and 20% of the entire nosocomial septicemia cases are due to Candida species. Candidosis is a serious case with high mortality and its treatment is difficult. Thus, type classification of the Candida species detected in the blood samples of the patients was performed by PCR and DNA sequence analysis.The aim of this study is the prevalence of dermatomycosis in our clinic in the after war period.During the period of July-December 1999 9390 inand-out-patients visited our clinic. The direct microscopic examination was used.From all patients 564 had mycotic infections. From this number, 293 (51.9%) presented with superficial mycosis; 43 (7.6%) with deep hair trichophytia; 4 (0.7%) had favus; 26 (4.6%) had candidosis; in 165 (29.2%) cases pityriasis versicolor was found and 33 (5.8%) had onychomycosis.We can resume that worseness of living conditions in the after war period was favorable for spreading of dermatomycoses.The prevalence, abundance, species detected, and drug susceptibility of fungi present in stool was determined. A total of 258 children were tested: 148 with non-specific gastrointestinal tract disorders, and 1 10 asthmatics.A quantitative evaluation was performed to detect the number of fungi in one gram of stool. The number of fungi I 103/1 gram was considered non-pathognostic, 104-105-doubtful, and > 105-pat...
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