Advances in genomics, molecular pathology and metabolism have generated many candidate biomarkers of colorectal cancer with potential clinical value. Epidemiological and biological studies suggest a role for adiposity, dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinemia, altered glucose homeostasis, and elevated expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis members in the risk and prognosis of cancer. This review discusses some recent past and current approaches being taken by researches in obesity and metabolic disorders. The authors describe three main systems as the most studied metabolic candidates of carcinogenesis: dyslipidemias, adipokines and insulin/IGF axis. However, each of these components is unsuccessful in defining the diseases risk and progression, while their co-occurrence increases cancer incidence and mortality in both men and women.

the Silesia region (Poland). The exclusion criteria were as follows: microvascular diabetic complications, history of stroke, depression, or other psychiatric disorders, and alcohol abuse.Telemedicine consultation A semi -structured telephone interview was used in all patients, and this was based on the 5 topic areas: current glycemic control, comorbidities, provision of medicines and food products, compliance with individual protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS -CoV -2) infection, and anxiety associated with the current pandemic. Patients answered specific questions related to currently used medications, fasting, and postprandial glucose levels self -measured on the day of the interview or the day before. Anxiety was examined based on questions about the patient's sense of threat associated with SARS -CoV -2 infection and assessed on a scale of 1 to 4 where 1 meant anxiety experienced all the time, and 4-no anxiety present. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was not diagnosed in the study group.The study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki on human experimentation. Data confidentiality and patient anonymity were maintained at all times. Patient -identifying information had been deleted before the database was analyzed. Individual patients cannot be identified either in this article or in the database. Due to the anonymous nature and mandatory collection of information included in the dataset, informed patient consent was not necessary.Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 13.3 software for

The relationship between hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetes is well known, but the influence of metabolic disturbances recognized as prediabetes, in elderly patients especially, awaits for an explanation. Methods. 52 elderly persons (65 years old and older) with no acute or severe chronic disorders were assessed: waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (FAT), and arterial blood pressure. During an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) fasting (0′) and 120-minute (120′) glycemia and insulinemia were determined, and type 2 diabetics (n = 6) were excluded. Subjects were tested for glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, plasma lipids, total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), and activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD-1). According to OGTT results, patients were classified as normoglycemics, (NGT, n = 18) and prediabetics, (PRE, n = 28). Results. Both groups did not differ with their lipids, FAT, and TBARS. PRE group had higher WC (P < 0.002) and BMI (P < 0.002). Lower SOD-1 activity (P < 0.04) and TAS status (P < 0.04) were found in PRE versus NGT group. Significance. In elderly prediabetics, SOD-1 and TAS seem to reflect the first symptoms of oxidative stress, while TBARS are later biomarkers of oxidative stress.

From 24 February 2022 to 29 March 2022, Poland has taken 2,377,000 refugees fleeing Russia's invasion of Ukraine. They are mostly women, children, and the elderly. In this article, we present all activities and types of medical resources provided and organized in Poland for refugees from the first days of the conflict. Information has been compiled from the data available on the Polish Ministry of Health, other governmental and non-governmental organizations, foundations, and medical societies.